Staphylococci Flashcards
Staphylococci
- gram?
- shape?
- live in high salt concentration
- gram POSITIVE
- coccus shape
- HALODURIC
Coagulase Test (2) - what does clumping factor bind to?
Slide Test
Tube Test
- binds to fibrinogen
Staphylococci Species
- Coagulase Positive?
- Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococci Species
- Coagulase Negative
- Staphylococcus epidermis
- Staphylococcus saprophyticus
Staphylococcus aureus
- ___ pathogen
- can cause?
- some strain ___ to many antibiotics
- Opportunistic
- septicemia
- resistant
Staphylococcus epidermidis
- ____ colonizer
- produce ___
- where affects?
- Skin
- capsule
- implanted devices (catheters)
Staphylococcus saprophyticus
- colonizer of ___
- pathogenesis linked to _____
- inguinal region
- adhesions
S.aureus - Colonization
- where?
- how transmitted?
- surface proteins ___ host proteins using ___
- skin, mucous membranes
- person-person + fomites
- bind, adhesions
S.aureus - Characteristics
- intra/extracellular?
- pus producing infection
- forms ____
- intracellular
- pyogenic
- forms abscesses
S.aureus - Local Infections (3)
- Skin Abscesses
- Deep Abscesses
- Impetigo
Furuncle
boil
infection of hair folicle
infection of hair folicle
furuncle
Carbuncles
infection of several hair follicles
Impetigo
- what is it?
- 2 forms?
- superficial skin infection
- non-bullous = pimple with pus
- bullous - fluid filled blisters
Ecthyma
pus-filled sore
S.aureus - Systemic infections (3)
- septicemia
- pneumonia
- endocarditis
Osteomyelitis
- infection of ___
- from ___ or ____
- bone/bone marrow
- hematogenous spread or fractures
S.aureus - Toxin Mediated
- infection ___
- effects ___
- release of ___
- localized
- systematic
- toxic proteins
Toxic Shock Syndrome
- symptoms (4)
- 2 forms?
- acute fever, low BP, rash, desquamation
- menstrual vs nonmenstrual
Toxic Shock Syndrome
- secreted toxins release ____
- ___ T-cell activation
- leads to?
- super antigens
- more T-cell
- cytokine storm, vascular leakage, organ failure
Bacteria produce proteins that interfere with? (3)
- rolling + activation
- complement deposition
- chemotaxis
Immune Evasion Mechanisms (2)
1) Toxins kill leukocytes
2) Resistance to Antibody Mediated Phagocytosis
Toxins kill leukocytes
- ___ toxins kill ___
- ___ in membrane leads to ___ of cell
- cytolytic, WBC
- holes, lysis
Resistance to Antibody Mediated Phagocytosis
- which strain?
- binds __ portion of __
- antibodies bound _____
- ___ __ receptor __ recognize
- NO _____
- Staphylococcal Protein A
- Fc, IgG
- phagocyte, Fc-receptor, can’t
- NO complement pathway
Methicillin Resistant S.aureus (2)
- where found?
1) hospitals
2) community acquired
Why hospitals Methicillin Resistant S.aureus?
lots of resistant mechanisms
Why community acquired Methicillin Resistant S.aureus?
- lack of exposure to health care
- skin infections
- necrotizing pneumonia
Livestock Associated MRSA
- ___ strains ____ in livestock, which has ____ back to ____
- MRSA, evolved, transmit, humans
