The Beef Industry Flashcards
beef
meat from cattle
define cow
female bovid that has given birth
heifer
female bovid that has not given birth
bull
intact adult male bovid
define steer
castrated male bovid
bovid
mammal of the cattle family
cull
selected and removed from a large quantity
Importing cattle to America
Columbus in 1493
– cattle drives, utilized range, large spaces
Rail Cars
1860s – shipped live cattle
–> put on train and taken to stock yards
–> KC stock yards
Refrigerated Rail Car
1880 – ship the product
Beef Cow Inventory
Peaked in the 70s and then decreased due to producing more meat per cow and a decrease in consumption
US Meat Consumption
highest = chicken (cheap)
chicken, turkey, pork = leaner
DECLINE IN BEEF DUE TO CONSUMER CONCERN (fat content) AND COST
Cow/Calf
-focus on breeding cow to get the calf
-MO = cow/calf state
Feeder Operations
stocker, backgrounding, feedlot
stocker
let animals graze 3-4 months before going to feedlot
backgrounding
fed dry forage, silage and grain, 90-120 days before feedlot
feedlot
where livestock are fed and fattened before slaughter
Seedstock
-purebred –> specific breeds
-commercial –> crossbred with particular purpose in mind
Beef Cattle Inventory per US Farm
smaller farms 1-49 heads of cattle
–> 1-9 most common
MO Rank in Number of Farms
2nd
MO Rank in Number of Beef Cattle
3rd
MO Rank in Cow-Calf Operations
3rd
Exports
Japan
South Korea
China, Mexico, Canada, Others(20)
Imports
Canada, Mexico, New Zealand, Australia, Brazil, Other(13)
–> fat products, add back into US product
