The arm

Question 1

Distal end of humerus

Answer 1

• medial epicondyles
• lateral epicondyles
• supracondylar ridges
• capitulum
• trochlea
• radial fossa
• coronoid fossa
• olecranon fossa

Question 2

what is an epicondyle?

Answer 2

a rounded protuberance at the end of a bone serving as a place of attachment for ligaments/tendons/muscles

Question 3

medial and lateral epicondyles

Answer 3

bony protrusion palpable at medial and lateral sides of elbow

Question 4

capitulum

Answer 4

articulates with radius of forearm

Question 5

trochlea

Answer 5

articulates with ulna of forearm

Question 6

radial fossa

Answer 6

superior to capitulum on anterior surface

Question 7

coronoid fossa

Answer 7

superior to trochlea, adjacent to radial fossa

Question 8

Olecranon fossa

Answer 8

posterior surface, superior to trochlea

Question 9

radius and ulna location

Answer 9

radius is lateral to ulna

Question 10

Bony landmarks of anterior radius

Answer 10

• head of radius
• neck
• radial tuberosity
• lateral styloid process
• ulnar notch

Question 11

bony landmark of posterior radius

Answer 11

• head of radius
• neck
• lateral styloid process
• ulnar notch

Question 12

bony landmarks of anterior ulna

Answer 12

• trochlear notch of ulna
• coronoid process
• radial notch of ulna
• ulnar tuberosity
• medial styloid process
• head

Question 13

bony landmarks of posterior ulna

Answer 13

• olecranon
• styloid process

Question 14

Names of septum divisions in arm

Answer 14

• lateral intermuscular septum
• medial intermuscular septum

Question 15

Anterior compartment of arm

Answer 15

Contains muscles that predominantly flex the elbow

Question 16

Posterior compartment

Answer 16

contains muscles that predominantly extend the elbow

Question 17

Muscles in the anterior compartment of the arm

Answer 17

1. Biceps brachii
2. brachialis
3. coracobrachialis

Question 18

Muscles in the posterior compartment of arm

Answer 18

triceps brachii

Question 19

Biceps brachii origin

Answer 19

short head:
- apex of coracoid process of scapula
long head:
- supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Question 20

Biceps brachii insertion

Answer 20

radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis

Question 21

Biceps brachii innervation

Answer 21

musculocutaneous nerve

Question 22

biceps brachii action

Answer 22

• flexor of forearm at elbow joint
• powerful supinator of the forearm when elbow joint is flexed
• also flex glenohumeral joint as the 2 heads of the muscle cross the joint

Question 23

Popeye deformity

Answer 23

• characteristic deformity following rupture of the tendon of biceps brachii
• on elbow flexion, a prominent bulge of the muscle belly is seen as unrestrained fibres contract

Question 24

Biceps reflex

Answer 24

a tap on the tendon of the biceps brachii at the elbow is used to test the integrity of musculocutaneous nerve C5/6

Question 25

Brachialis origin

Answer 25

distal half of anterior surface of humerus

Question 26

brachialis insertion

Answer 26

coronoid process and ulnar tuberosity

Question 27

brachialis innervation

Answer 27

musculocutaneous nerve. a small component of the lateral part is innervated by radial nerve

Question 28

brachialis action

Answer 28

flexes forearm at elbow joint

Question 29

coracobrachialis origin

Answer 29

tip of coracoid process

Question 30

coracobrachialis insertion

Answer 30

middle 1/3 medial surface of humerus

Question 31

coracobrachialis innervation

Answer 31

musculocutaneous nerve

Question 32

coracobrachialis action

Answer 32

flexion and adduction of arm

Question 33

triceps brachii origin

Answer 33

long head:
- Infraglenoid tubercle

lateral head:
- posterior surface of humerus superior to radial groove

medial head:
- posterior surface of humerus inferior to radial groove

The 3 heads converge to form a large tendon

Question 34

triceps brachii insertion

Answer 34

superior surface of olecranon of ulna, fascia of forearm

Question 35

triceps brachii innervation

Answer 35

radial nerve

Question 36

Triceps brachii action

Answer 36

extends forearm

Question 37

Anconeus what is it?

Answer 37

small, triangular muscle on the posterolateral aspect of the elbow

Question 38

Anconeus origin

Answer 38

lateral epicondyle of humerus

Question 39

anconeus insertion

Answer 39

lateral side of olecranon and upper 1/4 of posterior surface ulna

Question 40

anconeus innervation

Answer 40

radial nerve

Question 41

anconeus action

Answer 41

assists triceps extend the forearm
tenses the capsule of elbow joint, preventing pinching during extension