lymphatics and venous drainage Flashcards
lymphatic system function?
- to drain tissue fluid, plasma proteins, and cellular debris back into blood stream
- role in immune defence
what part of lymphatic system filters lymph?
lymph nodes
where is filtered lymph directed?
venous system
where do superficial lymphatic vessels of upper limb arise from?
- lymphatic plexuses in hand
- ascend in the arm adjacent to/around the major superficial veins: basilic and cephalic veins
function of deep lymphatic vessels
drain lymph from joint capsule, periosteum, tendons and muscles
axillary lymph nodes
- pectoral/anterior
- subscapular/posterior
- humeral/lateral
- central
- apical
pectoral/anterior lymph nodes
3 - 5 nodes in medial wall of axilla
subscapular/posterior lymph nodes
6 - 7 nodes along the posterior axillary fold
humeral/lateral lymph nodes
4 - 6 nodes located in the lateral wall of axilla
central lymph nodes
3 - 4 large nodes in fat at base of the axilla
apical lymph nodes
located in the apex of the axilla at lateral border of 1st rib
function of venous system of upper limb
to drain deoxygenated blood from the arm/forearm/hand
venous system of upper limb divided into?
superficial veins and deep veins
perforating veins run between these 2 types and connect the systems
basic order of blood flow in upper limb veins
dorsal network of hand
|
v
cephalic vein (lateral) and basilic vein (medial)
|
v
axillary vein
|
v
subclavian vein
additional: cephalic -> medial cubital -> basilic
venous system of upper limb - superficial veins
- basilic vein
- cephalic vein
- median cubital vein
- axillary vein
- subclavian vein
origin of cephalic vein
lateral side of dorsal venous plexus of hand
termination of cephalic vein
axillary vein
origin of basilic vein
medial side of dorsal venous plexus of hand
termination of basilic vein
unites with paired brachial veins to continue as axillary vein
origin of medial cubital vein
cephalic vein near cubital fossa
termination of medial cubital vein
basilic vein
axillary vein location
lies medial to axillary artery in axilla
what is the axillary sheath
encloses axillary vein, artery and brachial plexus cords
origin of axillary vein
continues on from basilic vein
termination of axillary vein
becomes subclavian vein at the outer border of the first rib
subclavian vein origin
continues on from axillary vein at the outer border of the first rib
subclavian vein termination
becomes the brachiocephalic vein
is cephalic vein lateral or medial
anterolateral
cephalic vein path at the shoulder
travels through deltopectoral groove (between deltoid and pec major)
is basilic vein medial or lateral?
medial
descends deep into arm before the axilla
termination of basilic vein
unites with paired brachial veins to become axillary vein
median cubital vein blood flow
connects cephalic to basilic vein
flow: cephalic -> basilic
axillary vein in relation to axillary artery?
vein lies medial to artery in axilla
where are the deep veins located?
underneath deep fascia of the upper limb
location of brachial veins
either side of brachial artery
where is blood usually drawn from?
median cubital vein
what is venous cutdown
emergency method of achieving vascular access when other techniques and equipment are unavailable in critical trauma situations
common site for venous cutdown
basilic vein above the elbow
cephalic vein below elbow
