Articulations of pectoral girdle Flashcards
Joints
site of articulations between bones
3 functional joint types
- synovial = diarthrosis/freely moveable
- cartilaginous = amphiarthroses/slightly moveable
- fibrous = synarthrosis/immovable
Synovial joints
- motion & flexibility
- contains synovial fluid
- articular hyaline cartilage covering articulating surfaces
- joint capsule
Joint capsule parts
- outer fibrous membrane
- inner synovial membrane
synovial membrane of joint capsule
- attaches at margin of joint surfaces between cartilage and bone
- produces synovial fluid
- lines synovial bursae also
Synovial bursae
- contain synovial fluid
- acts as a cushion to reduce friction
- located between tissues (tendon/muscle/bone)
Fibrous membrane
surrounds and stabilises joint parts thicken to form ligaments
ligaments
bone to bone
tendons
muscle to bone
uniaxial movement
movement in a single plane
biaxial
movement in 2 planes
multiaxial
movement in 3 planes
Types of synovial joints
- plane/flat
- hinge
- ball-and-socket
- saddle
- pivot
- ellipsoid/condyloid
plane joint
- flat articular surfaces
- bones slide
- Acromioclavicular joint
Hinge joint
- resembles door hinge
- flexion and extension
- elbow, interphalangeal joints
ball and socket
- rounded head into cavity
- multiaxial
- shoulder/glenohumeral joint
saddle joint
- reciprocally concave/convex articular surfaces
- flexion/extension and ab/adduction
- between metacarpal 1 and trapezium
pivot joint
- rounded process of bone rotates around central axis within ligamentous ring/sleeve
- rotation
- radius rotate on ulna at proximal/distal radioulnar joints
ellipsoid/condyloid joint
- 2 curved bones together. convex surface to concave surface
- flexion/extension
- ab/adduction
- circumduction
- wrist/radiocarpal joint
- metacarpophalangeal joints of fingers
articulation of clavicle with axial skeleton
sternoclavicular joint
articulation of clavicle and scapula with each other
acromioclavicular joint
articulating surfaces of the sternoclavicular joint
- clavicle
- manubrium of sternum
- cartilage of 1st rib
what type of joint is the sternoclavicular joint?
saddle joint
ligaments in the sternoclavicular joint
- anterior sternoclavicular ligament
- posterior sternoclavicular ligament
interclavicular ligament
- joins superior surface of 2 clavicles across sternal notch
- limits depression of shoulder
costoclavicular ligament
- from 1st costal cartilage to inferior surface clavicle
- limits elevation of shoulder
articular disk of SC joint
- between sternum and clavicle
- allows clavicle and manubrium to slide over each other
blood supply to the sternoclavicular joint
internal thoracic & suprascapular arteries
innervation to SC joint
branches from nerve to subclavius
Acromioclavicular joint location
between clavicle and shoulder
articulating surfaces of acromioclavicular joint
- clavicle
- acromion of scapula
What type of synovial joint is the acromioclavicular joint?
plane
movements of acromioclavicular joint
gliding, rotation of the scapula on clavicle
ligaments that strengthen and stabilise the AC joint
- superior acromioclavicular ligament
- inferior acromioclavicular ligament
- conoid ligament
- trapezoid ligament
coracoclavicular ligament
- attaches coracoid process to clavicle
- supports lateral end of clavicle
- comprised of trapezoid and conoid ligaments
Blood supply to AC joint
supraclavicular and thoracoacromial arteries
innervation of AC joint
branches from lateral pectoral and suprascapular nerves
