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microbiology > the actually part 2 medically important > Flashcards

the actually part 2 medically important Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

most imp virulence factor of s pneumoniae

A

capsular antigens

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2
Q

what do capsular antigens do

A

evade phagocytosis and make specific anticapsule Ab

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3
Q

is there a vaccine for s pneumoniae

A

yes

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4
Q

pneumolysin causes

A

alpha hemolysis

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5
Q

what is s pneumniae susceptible to

A

PCN and erythromycin

vanco for severely ill pts

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6
Q

s pneumoniae beta lactamase producers?

A

no

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7
Q

vaccines for s pneumoniae?

A

Prevnar 13 and Pneumovax 23

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8
Q

leading cause of infectious disease in the us is from

A

meningitis

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9
Q

what 2 diseases does n meningitides aka menigococcus cause

A

meningitis and meningococcemia

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10
Q

what 4 diseases does n gonorrhea aka gonococcus cause

A

gonorrhea, PID, disseminated gonococcal infection (DGI), neonatal conjunctivitis

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11
Q

2nd MC bact disease in US

A

gonorrhea

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12
Q

tell me about neisseria

A

gram -
endotoxin in outer membrane (LOS)
grow on chocolate agar
oxidase +

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13
Q

neisseria have cytochrome C which means

A

turns purple or black when exposed to phenylediamine

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14
Q

neisseria meningitides host and transmission

A

humans, airbrone

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15
Q

where does neisseria meningitides colonize

A

nasopharynx

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16
Q

neisseria meningitides is a _____ member of the URT

A

transient

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17
Q

this is higher in ppl who live in close quarters

A

neisseria meningitides

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18
Q

this can seed the bloodstream and spread to the joints and meninges

A

menincogoccemia

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19
Q

2 organisms cause over 80% of the cases of bacterial meningitis in infants older than 2 mo

A

streptococcus pneumoniae, and n meningitides

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20
Q

MCC meningitis in ppl btwn 2 and 18

A

n meninitides

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21
Q

neisseria meningitides pathogenesis

A

pyrogenic

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22
Q

4 virulence factors of neisseria meningitides

A

polysaccharide capsule, endotoxin, IgA protease, FHbp (factor H binding protein)

23
Q

what does LOS cause

A

fever, shock

24
Q

what does IgA protease do?

A

helps bacteria attach to the membranes of the URT by cleaving secretory IgA

25
Q

what does FHbp do

A

binds to factor H and inhibits c3b

26
Q

pts with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria taking eculizumab have 1000 * inc in this disease bc its a complement inhibitor

A

n meningitides

27
Q

dx of meningococcal meningitis

A

*gram - cocci seen in smears of spinal fluid

28
Q

trmt of choice for n meningitides

A

*ceftriaxone and penicillin G

29
Q

how can we prevent meningococcal disaese

A

*chemoprophylaxis and immunization

30
Q

ppx for meningococcal disaese

A

*rifampin and cipro

31
Q

humans are only natural host in

A

n meningitis and n gonorrhea

32
Q

transmission of n gonorrhea

A

genital tract MC, also anorectal and pharyngeal infections

mother–> newborn

33
Q

n gonorrhea most important virulence factor

A

*pili- mediate attachment; ones without pili cant cause disease

34
Q

2 virulence factors in cell wall of n gonorrhea

A

endotoxin LOS and outer membrane proteins

35
Q

gonococci have no _____

A

capsules

36
Q

IgA protease can hydrolyze secretory IgA which could do this in n gonorrhea

A

block attachment to mucosa

37
Q

n gonorrhea have ____ but n meninditidis dont

A

pili

38
Q

MCC septic arthritis in sexually active adults

A

disseminated infections /gonococcal bacteremia

39
Q

purulent conjunctivitis AKA

A

ophthalmia neonatorum

40
Q

trmt ophthalmia neonatorum/purulent conjunctivitis

A

ppx erythromycin eye ointment

41
Q

what may coexist with n gonorrhea

A

chlamydia trachomatis

42
Q

trmt uncomplicated n gonorrhea

A

ceftriaxone + doxycycline or azithromycin

43
Q

why is doxycycline or azithromycin added to n gonorrhea

A
  1. treat any gonococcal strains resistant to ceftriaxone

2. mixed infections withchlamydia trachomatis are common

44
Q

prevention n gonorrhea

A

condoma/barriers
contact tracing
erythromycin ointment

45
Q

n gonorrhea vaccine?

A

none

46
Q

n meningitidis vaccine?

A

yes

47
Q

n meningitidis make beta lactamase?

A

no

48
Q

n meningitidis ferment maltose?

A

yes

49
Q

n meningitidis have a poysaccharide capsule?

A

yes

50
Q

n meningitidis portal of entry

A

resp tract

51
Q

n gonorrhea polysaccharide capsule?

A

no

52
Q

n gonorrhea maltose fermentor?

A

no

53
Q

n gonorrhea make beta lactamase?

A

some

microbiology (13 decks)

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