Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

microbiology > medically imp bact part 2 > Flashcards

medically imp bact part 2 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what disease does sprep pneumoniae cause

A

pneumonia, bacteremia, meningitis, URT infections (otitis media, mastoiditis, sinusitis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

s pneumoniae characteristics

A

gram +, diplococci, a hemolytic, lysed by bile and deoxychocolate, growth impaired by optochin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

how many serotypes of s pneumoniae are there

A

91

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

staph and strep are motile/nonmotile and do/dont form spores

A

nonmotile, dont

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

do staph make catalase?

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

do strep make catalase?

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

2 most imp human pathogens

A

staph aureus and strep pyogenes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

MC and cause the most infectious disease

organisn?

A

s aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

does staoh aureus secrete catalase

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

does staoh epidermidis and saprophyticus secrete catalase

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

protein A?

A

prevent opsonization and enhance phagocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

teichoid acids?

A

mediate adherence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

lipotechoic acids

A

induce IL1 and TNF by macrophages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

11 serotypes 5 and 8 are the MC

A

polysaccharide capsules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

s aureus ferments mannitol?

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

hemolyzes RBC?

A

s aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

s aureus make catalase?

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what does catalase do?

A

degrades H2O2 into O2+H20

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

s aureus make coagulase?

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is coagulase?

A

causes plasma to clot by activating prothrombin to form thrombin. thrombin then catalyzes activation of fibrinogen to form fibrin clot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

provides hiding place for bacteria

A

coagulase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

s aureus staphyloxanthin producer?

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is staphyloxanthin ?

A

carotenoid pigment; characteristic gold color

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what does staphyloxanthin do?

A

enhance pathogenicity, inactivates microbicidal effect of superoxides and other ROS with neutrophils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

does s aureus make beta lactamase?

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what does beta lactamase do

A

degrade beta lactam ATB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what are beta lactam ATB?

A

drugs that inhibit cell wall synthesis

  1. drug binds to PBP
  2. inhibit cross linking so cell wall synthesis can occur
  3. enzymes cause bacterial cell wall to lysis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

drugs resistant to beta lactamase

A

methicillin and nafcillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

drugs that inhibit beta lactamase

A

clavulanic acid, sulbactam, tazobactam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

key determinant for MRSA

A

PBP2a

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

MCC skin abscesses in the US

A

MRSA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

what causes pneumonia, NF, and sepsis

A

MRSA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

MCC of infections in IV drug users

A

MRSA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

where does s aureus colonize

A

nasal cavity, skin, vagina, formites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

immune compromise, red humoral immunity, neutrophil deficiency, DM, IV drug use, FB

A

risk factors for s aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

2 disease mechanisms for s aureus

A

toxin production and pyogenic inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

typical lesion of s aureus

A

abscess: central necrosis and pus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

heat resistant, resistant to low pH, resistant to GI enzymes, acts as superantigen

A

enterotoxin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

serotonin secretion by enterochromaffin cellsstimulates enteric NS to activate ______

A

vomiting center

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

causes of TSST?

A

tampon, nasal packing, contraceptive devices, post op wound infections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

blood cultures neg for s aureus

A

tsst

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

tsst acts as a _____

A

superantigen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

exfoliatin toxin

A

protease that cleaves desmoglein causing desquamation and scalded skin syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

exfoliatin A and B

A

causes bollous impetigo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

pore forming toxin and important virulence factor with CA MRSA

A

P-V leucocidin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

MCC of skin and soft tissue infection

A

ca mrsa

47
Q

septicemia

A

s aureus bacteremia gets in the blood and causes metastatic abscesses

48
Q

can we use a vaccine with s aureus?

A

no; wash hands, clean, aseptic management, persistent colonization
remove shedders from high risk areas like ORs and newborn nurseries

49
Q

do s epidermidis and staphylococcus saprophyticus make catalase?

A

yes

50
Q

do s epidermidis and staphylococcus saprophyticus make coagulase

A

no

51
Q

do s epidermidis and staphylococcus saprophyticus make staphyloxanthan

A

no

52
Q

do s epidermidis and staphylococcus saprophyticus have protein A

A

no

53
Q

do s epidermidis and staphylococcus saprophyticus ferment mannitol

A

no

54
Q

s epidermidis and staphylococcus saprophyticus are ____ hemolytic

A

gamma

55
Q

where is s epidermidis located

A

human skin

56
Q

enters blood from catheters and prosthetics

A

s epidermidis

57
Q

can cause peritonitis in renal failure

A

s epidermidis

58
Q

MC organism causing CSF shunt infections

A

s epidermidis

59
Q

can causes sepsis in neonate

A

s epidermidis

60
Q

highly ATB resistant

A

s epidermidis

61
Q

vaccine for s epidermidis

A

no

62
Q

hospital acquired

A

s epidermidis

63
Q

where is s saprophyticus located

A

mucosa of genital tract in young women

64
Q

s saprophyticus trmt?

A

atb

65
Q

CA

A

s saprophyticus

66
Q

s epidermidis is _____ to novobiocin

A

sensitive

67
Q

s saprophyticus is ____ to novobiocin

A

resistant

68
Q

strep is catalase _____

A

-

69
Q

2 important antigens of beta hemolytic strep

A

C carbohydrate and M protein

70
Q

most imp virulence factor of s pyogenes

A

M protein

71
Q

what eos M protein do in streptococci

A

blocks phagocytosis and inactibates C3b

72
Q

over 100 serotypes

A

M protein

73
Q

group A beta hemolytic strep has _____ in its cell wall

A

s pyogenes

74
Q

group B beta hemolytic strep has _____ in its cell wall

A

s galactiae

75
Q

group D beta hemolytic strep has _____ in its cell wall

A

enterococci

76
Q

MC bacteria cause of pharyngitis

A

GAS

77
Q

what does bacitracin do to GAS

A

inhibits growth

78
Q

s pyogenes is found on________

A

skin and oropharynx

79
Q

how does GAS cause disease

A

pyogenic inflammation, exotoxin production, autoimmune inflammation

80
Q

hyaluronidase aka spreading factor

A

degreades hyaluronic acid and breaks down CT

81
Q

facilitates rapid spread of s pyogenes in skin infections

A

hyaluronidase

82
Q

streptokinase is aka

A

fibrinolysin

83
Q

streptokinase?

A

dissolves fibrin in clots

84
Q

DNAse?

A

hydrolyzes DNA in exudates or necrotic tissue

85
Q

IgG degrading enzyme

A

cleaves IgG heavy chains and prevents opsonization and complement activation

86
Q

toxin in GAS?

A

erythrogenic or pyogenic toxins

87
Q

sandpaper or strawberry tongue assoc with scarlet fever

A

GAS

88
Q

antistreptolysin O autoantibody aids in dx of

A

GAS

89
Q

flesh eating bacteria is from

A

exotoxin b

90
Q

GAS pyogenic diseases

A

pharyngitis, cellulitis, nonbollous empetigo

91
Q

GAS toxigenicdiseases

A

scarlet fever and TTS

92
Q

GAS immunologic diseases

A

RF and acute GN

93
Q

where does GBS colonize

A

genital tract on women

94
Q

GBS is bacitracin

A

resistant

95
Q

can GBC hydrolyze hippurate

A

yes

96
Q

this can cause neonatal menintis and sepsis and pneumonia

A

GBS

97
Q

this can cause rupture of the membranes in neonates

A

group b strep

98
Q

most group D strep are ____ hemolytic

A

alpha

99
Q

tell me about enterococci (e faecalis and enterococcus faecium)

A

in colon, grow in hypertonic saline and bile, not sensitive to PCN G, combination ATB needed, vancomycin used

100
Q

vancomycin can lead to

A

VRE- life threatening

101
Q

enterococci and nonenterococci are a part of group ___ strep

A

D

102
Q

what types of disases can group D strep cause

A

uti and endocarditis

103
Q

s bovis causes ____ and is associated with ____

A

endocarditis and colonic carcinoma

104
Q

2 types of nonbeta hemolytic strep

A

s pneumoniae and viridans

105
Q

how are the 2 types of non beta hemolytic strep distinguished

A

bile and optochin

106
Q

are strep viridans bile soluble? pneumococci?

A

viridans- not

pneumococci- are

107
Q

are strep viridans inhibited by optochin? pneumococci?

A

viridans- not

pneumococci- are

108
Q

what are dental caries

A

plaque with high levels of s mutans

109
Q

what do s mutans do

A

enters dentine/pulp and make acid that destroy tooth enamel

110
Q

what can untreated dental carries cause

A

tooth loss and abscesses

111
Q

MC preventable chronic disaes in children 6-11 and adolescents 12-19

A

dental carries

112
Q

leading cause of tooth loss in kids under 12

A

dental carries

113
Q

tooth decay is ___ times MC than asthma

A

4

microbiology (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions