The 5 Theoretical Explanations Of YC Flashcards
Give a general outline of functionalism
Youth cultures allow people to join the value consensus.
Very positive view of society.
It is a structural theory arguing that norms and values are passed down through agents of socialisation. It is a consensus theory of norms and values allowing individuals to be bought together.
What are the five points of functionalism?
- Youth culture is seen as a rite of passage
- Youth acts as a way to bring young people together and create a value consensus
- Youth culture acts as a bridge between adulthood and childhood
- Not all individuals have equal access to shared goals and there was a strain between the socially encouraged goals of society and the social of acceptable means to achieve them.
- Delinquent youth cultures can be a result of status frustration
Who originated the idea that youth culture is seen as a rite of passage?
Parsons
Who argues against parsons theory that youth cultures are seen as a rite of passage?
Berger
Who argues that youth acts as a way to bring young people together and create a value consensus?
Eisenstadt
Who argues against Eisenstadt’s idea that youth acts as a way to bring young people together and create a value consensus
Chambliss
Who states that youth culture acts as a bridge between adulthood and childhood?
Parsons
Who argues against the point that youth culture acts as a ridge between adulthood and childhood?
Post modernists argue that we don’t have universalistic standards anymore in order for youth cultures
Who argues that not all individuals have equal access to shared goals and there was a strain between the social encouraged goals of society and the socially acceptable means to achieve them?
Merton
What were the five categories of Merton’s theory?
Conformists Ritualised Innovators Retreatists Rebels
Who argues against Merton’s theory?
McRobbie
Who studied status frustration?
Cohen
What is a supporting point of Cohen’s research on status frustration?
Useful real life application
Briefly outline Marxism
The fundamental argument of Marxism is that young people are reacting to social oppression, property and deprivation by forming anti-social youth cultures.
What are the five points of Marxism?
- Youth cultures are a result of resisting capitalism
- Youth cultures form due to resisting middle class norms and values
- Youth cultures can be seen as a magical solution to young people who are rejecting the values of society
- Youth cultures emerge due to the positions working class people find themselves in Gramsci used the term hegemony to describe the dominant culture of a society
- Marxist feminist argue that girls form youth cultures as a result of their class and gender
What is the ideology of capitalism?
Ideology of capitalism is that individuals are free to make money, own business, sell good and own private property
What youth cultures supports the resistance of capitalism?
Punks
What sociologist is used to explain that youth cultures are a result of resisting capitalism?
Hebdige
Who argues against the idea that youth cultures are a result of resisting capitalism?
Eisenstadt
Who studied that youth cultures form due to resisting middle class norms and values?
Paul Willis
Who is used as AO3 for the point that youth cultures form due to resisting middle class norms and values?
Becker or Chambliss
Who suggested that youth cultures can be seen as a magical solution to young people who are rejecting the values of society?
Brake
What evaluation point would he used for youth cultures can be seen as a magical solution to young people who are rejecting the values of society m?
Rite of passage - functionalism - Parsons
What is used as AO3 for youth cultures emerge due to the positions working class people find themselves in
The work of the CCCs
Who argued that girls form youth cultures as a result of their class and gender?
McRobbie and Garber
Who is used as AO3 for the point that Marxist feminists argue that girls form youth cultures as a result of their class and gender
Postmodernists such as Maffesoli
What are the five points of feminism?
- Sociology research has been accuse of being malestream
- Girls form what is known as a ‘bedroom culture’
- More recently a different type of female youth cultures have been identified these are labelled as a ladette culture
- The control of women within the music industry has a role to play in female youth cultures and self expression
- Some feminists argue there is a third wave feminism which has become the basis of a female youth culture
Who studied sociological research being accuse of being malestream?
Garber and Frith
What is Malestream?
Malestream is a concept developed by feminist theories to describe the situation when male scientists, particular sociologists, carry out research with focuses on a masculine perspective and then assumed that the findings can be applied to women as well
Who is used as AO3 for malestream?
Batchelor on female gangs and Jackson’s Ladette culture
Who introduced the concepts of bedroom cultures?
McRobbie and Garber
What did bedroom cultures do?
A bedroom cultures prepared girls for their female role by the magazines that they’re reading telling them how to prepare for a man and becoming a wife and a mother
