Culture And Socialisation Key Terms

Question 1

Culture

Answer 1

Culture is the way of life of a social group and is made up of norms, values and customs

Question 2

Cultural diversity/difference

Answer 2

Differences in the norms, values and traditions of groups in society

Question 3

Nature/nurture debate

Answer 3

The extent to which particular aspects of behaviour are a product of either inherited or acquired characteristics

Question 4

Norms

Answer 4

Norms are rules of behaviour that relate to specific social situations

Question 5

Subcultures

Answer 5

A group that share many aspects of the wider culture but also has their own norms and values

Question 6

Socially constructed

Answer 6

They have been created by people in society through shared interpretation and beliefs

Question 7

Values

Answer 7

Values are widely accepted general beliefs that something is worthwhile and desirable

Question 8

Status

Answer 8

A person’s position or standing in society

Question 9

Social class

Answer 9

A way of grouping people in society according to their wealth, income, occupation and status

Question 10

Roles

Answer 10

The expected behaviours for a particular social situation

Question 11

Role conflict

Answer 11

When the demands of one role conflict with those of another

Question 12

Achieved status

Answer 12

When you earn the power

Question 13

Ascribed status

Answer 13

Fixed from birth, born into power

Question 14

Feral children

Answer 14

Young people who have grown up without human contact and have no experience of; human care, loving or social behaviour and human language

Question 15

Agents of socialisation

Answer 15

The people or places that socialise us

Question 16

Primary socialisation

Answer 16

The first stage of learning the norms and values or a social group from birth to 5

Question 17

Secondary socialisation

Answer 17

The second stage of learning the norms and values of a social group from 5 onwards

Question 18

Social identity

Answer 18

A person’s status and role in society

Question 19

Socialisation

Answer 19

The process of learning the norms and values of a social group

Question 20

Canalisation

Answer 20

Children are channelled towards toys and activities seen as the norm for their sex

Question 21

Femininity

Answer 21

Qualities or attributes regarded as characteristics of women

Question 22

Formal curriculum

Answer 22

The courses, lessons and learning activities students participate in

Question 23

Formal social control

Answer 23

The basis of clearly laid down written rules and laws

Question 24

Gender roles

Answer 24

The role or behaviour learned by a person as appropriate to their gender, determined by the prevailing cultural norms

Question 25

Imitation

Answer 25

A form of social learning that leads to the ‘development of traditions, and ultimately our culture’

Question 26

Informal curriculum

Answer 26

School activities which may take place outside the timetables curriculum

Question 27

Masculinity

Answer 27

A set of attributes, behaviours, and roles associated with boys and men

Question 28

Peer group

Answer 28

A group of people approximately the same age, status and interests

Question 29

Peer group pressure

Answer 29

Influence from members of one’s peer group

Question 30

Role models

Answer 30

A persons looked to by others as an example to be imitated

Question 31

Sanctions

Answer 31

A threatened penalty for disobeying a law or rule

Question 32

Social identity

Answer 32

Our sense of self and how we fit into society

Question 33

Gender identity

Answer 33

How we see ourselves in terms of society’s expectations of men and women

Question 34

Class identity

Answer 34

A person’s perception of their income and occupation

Question 35

Ethnic identity

Answer 35

How an individual is influenced by the history, traditions and beliefs of their culture

Question 36

National identity

Answer 36

How an individual is influenced by the place(s) in which they were born/grew up