Component 3: Gender Inequalities Flashcards
What are the liberal feminist explanations of gender inequality?
- Women’s inequality is mainly caused by gender role socialisation
- Liberal feminism aims to challenge and reform cultural norms and social institutions
- Liberal feminists remain optimistic that change has and will continue to happen though problems remain
Who argues that women’s inequality is mainly caused by gender role socialisation?
Oakley
Who argues that liberal feminism aims to challenge and reform cultural norms and social institutions?
Betty Friedan
What can be used as evidence for the argument liberal feminists remain optimistic that change has and will continue to happen though problems remain?
Sue Sharpe
Wilkinson
DfE
What does Sue Sharpe argue?
That aspirations changed from marriage and children to career because they were able to go into the workplace and no longer had to be married
What did Wilkinson argue?
Genderquake - shift - girls have not always received better attainment scores because it shows that society has changed
What does DfE stats show about boys and girls
Average grade for boys is 5, average grade for girls is 6
Would liberal feminists argue that women have social mobility in the contemporary UK?
Yes, but there is work to do to ensure that this progress continues as women are still held back in some areas
What are the radical feminist arguments of gender inequality?
- Gender inequality is caused by the fact that all parts of society are patriarchal; run by men and in the interests of men
What can be used as evaluation for the argument gender inequality is caused by the fact that all parts of society are patriarchal; run by men and in the interests of men
Johnson’s patriarchal terrorism
Walklate victim surveys
Dobash and Dobash
What are the Marxist feminist explanations of gender inequality?
- Women’s role within the family meets the needs of capitalism
- Female youth cultures socialise girls into the patriarchal values of a capitalist society
What can be used as evidence for the argument women’s role within the family meets the needs of capitalism?
Benson
Bruegel
Ansley
What does Benston argue?
Links women’s class position to that of their husbands. This is because their role in reproducing the next generation of workers and in socialising this next generation into accepting capitalist values, as well as in meeting their husbands emotional needs, functions to make male workers more efficient
What does Bruegel argue?
Women benefit capitalism in two ways 1. They provide unpaid domestic labour in the family and 2. They are also a source of cheap labour who are easily disposed of when no longer needed (reserve army of labour)
What does Ansley argue
Women act as a ‘safety valve’ and are ‘takers of shit’ as husbands return home having been exploited at work and take their frustrations and anger out on their wives. Women play a role in maintaining and ensuring the smooth running of capitalism. Radical feminists argue that this legitimises domestic abuse
Who argues that female youth cultures socialised girls into the patriarchal values of a capitalist society
McRobbie and Garber
Would Marxist feminists argue that women have social mobility in the contemporary UK?
No
What are the black feminism and intersectionality explanations of gender inequality?
- White feminism has assumed a universal experience of patriarchy which centres on the experiences of white women, to the exclusion of others
- Intersectionality recognises the complex interplay between different forms of social inequality including class, gender, ethnicity, religion, nationality and so on
Who argues that white feminism has assumed a universal experience of patriarchy which centres on the experiences of white women, to the exclusion of others
Mirza
Who argues that intersectionality recognises the complex interplay between different forms of social inequality including class, gender, ethnicity, religion, nationality and so on
Sylvia Walby
What are the functions almost explanations of gender inequality?
- Biological differences produce a gendered division of labour which contributes to the smooth running of society
- Gender inequalities arise in the workplace because men are generally more invested in their job than women
Who argues that biological difference produce a gendered division of labour which contributes to the smooth running of society?
Parsons
Who argues that gender inequalities arise in the workplace because men are generally more invested in their job than women?
Hakim
What are the new right explanations of gender inequality?
- Traditional gender roles are important for the well-being if individuals and society
- Marriage and motherhood are the most rewarding roles for women
Who argues traditional roles are important for the well-being of individuals and society?
Schlafly
Who argues that marriage and motherhood are the most rewarding roles for women?
Schlafly
What are the Marxist explanations of gender inequality?
- Unequal gender roles in the family supports the capitalist system
- Women form part of the reserve army of labour
Who argues that unequal gender roles in the family supports the capitalist system?
Engels
Who argues that women form part of the reserve army of labour?
Bruegel
What are the weberian explanations of gender inequality?
- Women are excluded from high status groups which affects their employment progress
- Women are in the secondary sector of the dual labour market
Who argues that women are excluded from high status groups which affects their employment prospects?
Parkin
Who argues that women are in the secondary sector of the dual labour market?
Barron and Norris
What are the postmodern explanations of gender inequality?
- Consumerism and the media create inequality
2. Family diversity means gender roles are no longer fixed
Who argues consumerism and the media create inequality?
Lyotard
Who argues family diversity means gender roles are no longer fixed?
Cheal
