The 4 tissue types

Question 1

What are the 2 main types of glands?

Answer 1

Endocrine

Exocrine

Question 2

What is an endocrine gland?

Answer 2

secretion into blood stream

Question 3

What is an exocrine gland?

Answer 3

secretion into ducts

Question 4

Modes of glandular secretion - exocrine?

Answer 4

Merocrine
Apocrine
Holocrine

Question 5

How is merocrine secreted?

Answer 5

Via exocytosis

Question 6

How is apocrine secreted?

Answer 6

tip of cell is shed as they accumulate in the apex of the cell then break off.

Question 7

How is holocrine secreted?

Answer 7

whole cell ruptures

Question 8

What are the types of glandular secretion?

Answer 8

Mucous -sticky
Serous- watery
Sebaceous- oily

Question 9

How does mucous cell appear?

Answer 9

cells stain light

Question 10

How does serous cells appear?

Answer 10

dark

Question 11

How can exocrine glands be classified by structure?

Answer 11

their division into unicellular and multicellular

Question 12

What is the lining of the eye inside?

Answer 12

pigmented by melanin

Question 13

WHy is the inside of the eye pigmented by melanin?

Answer 13

serves to absorb stray light and improve image quality

Question 14

What is a unicellular gland?

Answer 14

Goblet cell

Question 15

What do goblet cells produce?

Answer 15

mucous

Question 16

Where is mucous secreted into?

Answer 16

The lumen

Question 17

Where are numerous amounts of goblet cells?

Answer 17

within the conjunctiva

Question 18

What do conjunctival goblet cells form ?

Answer 18

The mucous layer of the tear film

Question 19

Why is goblet cell important ?

Answer 19

It sticks the mucous layer in the tear film

Question 20

What do the goblet cells do in the gut?

Answer 20

Protect and lubricate

Question 21

What are multicellular glands?

Answer 21

consist of groups of secretory cells connected to the body surfaces by ducts.

Question 22

What are simple multicellular glands?

Answer 22

have a single duct

Question 23

What are compound multicellular ducts?

Answer 23

have several ducts

Question 24

What is an example of a simple multicellular gland?

Answer 24

The meibomian gland of the eyelid

Question 25

Whats the structure of the meibomian gland?

Answer 25

One duct with many secretory cells

Question 26

What does the meibomian gland form?

Answer 26

The lipid layer of the tear film

Question 27

What is a non-ocular example of simple multicellular gland?

Answer 27

those found at various points of the DIGESTIVE TRACT such as COLON

Question 28

What is an example of compound multicelluar gland?

Answer 28

the lacrimal gland

Question 29

What is a acinar compound gland?

Answer 29

lacrimal gland

Question 30

What does the lacrimal gland secrete?

Answer 30

the aqueous layer of the tear film

Question 31

What are the 4 basic types of connective tissue?

Answer 31

cartilage blood bone connective tissue proper

Question 32

What are the 3 things connective tissue made from?

Answer 32

ground substance fibres few cells

Question 33

What are the 3 connective tissue FIBRES?

Answer 33

Collagen Elastic Reticular

Question 34

What is the most abundant fibre and why?

Answer 34

Collagen because it counts for 30% dry weight as its the most thickest , with a high tensile strength and unstretchable

Question 35

What is the elastic fibre?

Answer 35

Composed of elastin | stretch readily and return to their original form

Question 36

What is reticular fibre?

Answer 36

very fine collagen fibres

Question 37

What are the connective tissue proper CELLS?

Answer 37

Fibroblasts

Question 38

What is the connective tissue proper GROUND SUBSTANCE?

Answer 38

background substance which consists of glycoproteins in which other elements of the connective tissue are suspended .

Question 39

Why is a fibroblast a fundamental cell type of connective tissue proper?

Answer 39

as they secrete the fibres and the ground substance | They are often 2D and wide

Question 40

What happens if fibroblasts become activated?

Answer 40

They make ground substances if injured

Question 41

What is the stroma of the cornea made up from?

Answer 41

tightly packed collagen fibres

Question 42

How does the fibroblast appear?

Answer 42

darker areas are fibroblasts which are usually sandwhiched between the collagen

Question 43

What are the connective tissue proper cells?

Answer 43

plasma cells- which produce antibodies macrophages- phagocytosis mast cells- produce histamine

Question 44

What is connective tissue divided into?

Answer 44

Loose - fibres loosely arranged | dense- fibres are densely arranged

Question 45

What is loose aereolar connective tissue?

Answer 45

acts as packaging material light and soft and most widely distrubuted it traps fluid ( causing bruising)

Question 46

An example of loose aereolar is?

Answer 46

stroma of the iris - allows to change shape of pupil

Question 47

What is loose adipose connective tissue?

Answer 47

largely made up of fat cells (adipocytes)

Question 48

What do loose adipose tissue appear as?

Answer 48

as white spaces due to all organelles being pushed to the sideand virtually the whole cell is occupied by fat droplet

Question 49

What does fat serve as?

Answer 49

energy store insulation- thermoregulation protection (shock absorber)

Question 50

Where is an obvious location for fat cells?

Answer 50

Under the skin | also surrounds the lacrimal gland

Question 51

What area does the fat surround?

Answer 51

around the outside of the eye- it acts as a cushion

Question 52

What are dense regular connective tissue?

Answer 52

compact tissue regularly arranged collagen fibres as the main component high tensile strength

Question 53

A good example of dense regular tissue>

Answer 53

Tendon- which attached muscle to bone

Question 54

What is dense irregular tissue?

Answer 54

less regularly arranged collagen fibres

Question 55

How is dense irregular different to dense regular tissue?

Answer 55

As the collagen fibres are arranged in different directions there is strength in all different directions

Question 56

An example of dense irregular tissue?

Answer 56

Skin

Question 57

How is the collagen arranged in the corneal stroma?

Answer 57

dense regular which is what makes it transparent

Question 58

How is collagen arranged in the sclera?

Answer 58

irregular which means its structure is opaque and not transparent.

Question 59

What are other examples of goblet cells in structures?

Answer 59

trachea | ducts of salivary glands