Th Story Of Psychology

Question 1

Structuralism

Answer 1

Early school of thought, by Wundt and Titchener; used introspection to reveal the structure of the human mind.

Question 2

Functionalism

Answer 2

Early school of thought by James and influenced by Darwin; explore how mental and behavioral processes function-how they enable the organism to adapt, survive, and flourish.

Question 3

Behaviorism

Answer 3

The view that psychology should be an objective science that studies behavior without reference to mental processes.

Question 4

Humanistic psychology

Answer 4

Historically significant perspective that emphasized human growth potential.

Question 5

Cognitive neuroscience

Answer 5

The interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition (including perception, thinking, memory, and language.)

Question 6

Psychology

Answer 6

The science of behavior and mental processes.

Question 7

Nature-nurture issue

Answer 7

The longstanding controversy over the relative contributions that genes and experience make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors. Today’s science sees traits and behaviors arising from the interaction of nature and nurture.

Question 8

Natural selection

Answer 8

The principles that, among the range of inherited trait variations, those those contributing to reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations.

Question 9

Evolutionary psychology

Answer 9

The study of the evolution of behavior and the mind, using principles of natural selection.

Question 10

Behavior genetics

Answer 10

The study of the relative power and limits of genetics and environmental influences on behavior.

Question 11

Culture

Answer 11

The enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, values, and traditions shared by a group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next.

Question 12

Positive psychology

Answer 12

The scientific study of human functioning, with the goals of discovering and promoting strengths and virtues that help individuals and communities thrive.

Question 13

Levels of analysis

Answer 13

The differing complementary views, from biological to psychological to social cultural, for analyzing any given phenomenon.

Question 14

Biopsychosocial

Answer 14

An integrated approach that incorporates biological, psychological, and social cultural levels of analysis.

Question 15

Basic research

Answer 15

Pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base.

Question 16

Applied research

Answer 16

Scientific study that aims to solve practical problems

Question 17

Counseling psychology

Answer 17

A branch of psychology that assist people with problems in living.

Question 18

Clinical psychology

Answer 18

A branch of psychology that studies, assess, and treats people with psychological disorders.

Question 19

Psychiatry

Answer 19

A branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders; practiced by physicians who sometimes provide medical treatments as well as psychological therapy.

Question 20

Community psychology

Answer 20

A branch of psychology that studies how people interact with their social environments and how social institutions affect individuals and groups.

Question 21

Testing effect

Answer 21

Enhanced memory after retrieving, rather than simply rereading informations. Also sometimes referred to as a retrieval practice effect.

Question 22

SQ3R

Answer 22

A study method incorporating five steps: survey, question, read, retrieve, review.