Textbook Chapter 4 Questions Flashcards
What are the two causes of biological aging?
- Interistic factors
- Normal wear and tear
- Genetic mutation - Exterinsic factors
- External circumstances
- Environment and lifestyle
What are some lesssons we’ve learned from the Centenarians
- Good genes
- Positive attitude
- Exercise
- Active mind and interest
- Simple balanced diet
- Low stress, optimism, and humor
- Independence and close family ties and friends
- Good hygiene
- Faith and spirituality
- Finacial security
What is the compression of morbidity hypothesis
Mortality reduction + morbidity compression
Due to:
- Healthy lifestyle
- Healthy environment
Recent research support the hypothesis
What are the 5 main causes of functional disability
- Foot problems
- Arthritis
- Cognitive impairment
- Heart problem
- Vision
What is the statistics related to functional disability
33% for people age 65-74 years
56.3% for people age 75 years
Impair some functions in mobility, agility, and hearing, vision problems, which cause some difficulties in everyday life
What are the statistics of the National Advisory Council on Aging
Activities on Daily Living (ADLs): 7%
Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs): 22.4%
What is the impact on quality of life?
- Freedom from the ravages of disease as possible
- Retention of enough function for active engagement
What is the disablement process
The process by which a person becomes “disabled” can be an interactions between:
1. Physical factors
2. Psychological factors
3. Environmental factors
What are some coping / adaptive strategies in the disablement process
They should include three aspects.
The disablement process can be slowed down and stopped by interventions and public policy
Who is at risk for people in the disablement process
Older people in general:
- With multiple chronic illnesses and functional difficulties
- With low SES
- With less physically activity
Older women:
- With hypertension, arthritis, and rheumatism
- Falling
What are the 3 main models of successful aging
- Absence of disease and disability
- Maintenance of mental and physical functioning
- Engagement in social relations and productive activity
This highlights the importance of both lifestyle and environmental influences
What are the 4 strategies to cope with physical changes
- Modern medicine
- Changes in lifestyle
- Changes in the environment
- Improvements in technology
Describe some of the technological tools (simple and complex) that can help a person cope with disability
A rubber grip
- Placed on the handles of spoons for those with arthritis
Self-lowering seat in the tub
- Lowers the person safely into the tub without risk of falling
What barriers exist to the adoption of technology by older people
Lack of knowledge of the technology - training
How it works - How-to tutorials
Small screens perhaps need to be enlarged
How can designers of technology help older people overcome these technological barriers?
Making the screens larger (font larger?) for easier accessibility
Making how-to videos or classes on how to properly use the pieces of technology or even to search the web