Chapter 5: Personal Health and Illness Flashcards
Maximum Life Span
The maximum number of years a member of species can live
Life expectancy
The number of years at birth an average member of a population can expect to live
Chronic health problems
Long-term illnesses such as arthritis, rheumatism, hypertension, diabetes, and heart disease
Epidemiological transition
The transition a society makes when it moves from a high rate of acute illness (mostly in youth) to a high rate of chronic illness (mostly in old age); Canada has made this transition, as have many developed nations
Functional disability
A limitation in the performance of normal daily activities due to illness or injury
Activities of daily living (ADLs)
Activities performed daily, such as bathing, moving from a bed or chair, dressing, getting to and using the toilet, eating, and walking
Instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs)
Home management activities such as using the phone, cooking, shopping, managing finances, and doing light housework
Hypokinesie
Physical problems due to lack of movement
Disability-free life expectancy
The years of life remaining that are free of any disability
Dependency-free life expectancy
The number of years of remaining life that a person will live in a state free of dependence on others for daily tasks
Compression of morbidity hypothesis
The idea that severe chronic illness would occur for a short time near the end of life
Rectangularization or Squaring of the survival curve
The change over time in survival curves resulting in a right angle or square shape, leading researchers to conclude that a finite life span exists
Successful aging
Characterized by a low chance of disease and their ability, high mental and physical functioning, active engagement in social relations and productive activity
Selective optimization with compensation (SOC)
Those who age successfully use the SOC method: they select activities that optimize their ability, and when they can no longer engage in a activity, they compensate for losses by setting new priorities