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Geography > Tetonic Plates > Flashcards

Tetonic Plates Flashcards

1
Q

What’s the continental drift theory

A

all continents were together at some point, then something caused them to drift apart over time

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2
Q

All the continents together were called…

A

Pangea

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3
Q

Pangea consisted of…

A

Laurasia
Gondwana

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4
Q

Laurasia consisted of

A

North America, Europe and Asia

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5
Q

Gondwana consisted of

A

South America
Africa
India
Australia
Antarctica

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6
Q

Three types of evidence of the continental drift are

A

Fossils
Mountain ranges
Ocean floor spreading

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7
Q

Explain fossils, in context of evidence of the continental drift

A

Mesosaurus were land animals that couldn’t swim.
Their fossils were found in both South America and Africa.
Therefore, continents were once connected.

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8
Q

Explain mountain ranges, in context of evidence of the continental drift

A

Mountain ranges in Pangaea, were lined up and were formed of rocks that were the same type and structure
Therefore, continents were once connected

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9
Q

Explain ocean floor spreading, in context of evidence of the continental drift

A

The Atlantic ocean didn’t exist during Pangaea. It appeared once the continents started drifting apart.
This is ocean floor spreading
therefore the continents were once connected.

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10
Q

What are tectonic plates?

A

*A section of earths crust that can move on the mantle
Due to sections being formed from deformed crust due to heat rising from the mantle

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11
Q

What are plate boundaries?

A

The edges of tectonic plates

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12
Q

Name some plates (7 at least)

A

Pacific
North American,
Nazca,
South American,
African,
Eurasian,
Arabian,
Indian,
Philippine,
Indo Australian,
Antarctic,
Caribbean

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13
Q

Explain how plates move (3)
Idrk it’s fine

A

Heat inside earth rises from core and spreads through the mantle
via convention currents

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14
Q

Name the different types of plate boundries (3)

A

Convergent
Divergent
Passive/transverse

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15
Q

Explain convergent

A

Moves towards each other

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16
Q

Explain divergent

A

Moving part

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17
Q

Explain transverse

A

Plates sliding past each other

18
Q

Folded mountain ranges (3)

A

*Form along convergent plate boundaries
*Folds up and lift sedimentary rock between them
*Forms fold mountains

19
Q

Landforms associated with different plate boundaries are (

A

*folded mountain ranges
*ocean floor spreading
*oceanic trenches

20
Q

Ocean floor spreading + mid oceanic ridges (1:3)

A

*Occur along divergent plate boundaries involving 2 oceanic plates
*Plates pull apart, magma rises and solidifies
and new land is created

21
Q

Oceanic trenches

A

*Oceanic plate converges with a continental one
*Oceanic plate Is denser so it slides under continental plate
*Seabed forms a trench under subduction zone

22
Q

Subduction zone definition

A

A deep trench on an ocean floor
Where an oceanic plate is drawn under along a plate boundary

23
Q

Constructive plate boundary

A

Plate boundary where new land is formed

24
Q

Deconstructive plate boundary

A

Plate boundary where land is being destroyed

25
Q

Warping definition (3)

A

*Rocks Change shape when compressed from sides
*Compressional forces aren’t that strong
*Rocks bend slightly

26
Q

Folding definition

A

*Bending of rocks into folds
*Due to strong compressional forces from the sides

27
Q

Types of folds depend on…

A

The degree of compressional force to rocks

28
Q

Symmetrical fold

A

Axial plane is vertical

29
Q

Asymmetrical fold

A

Axial plane is inclined

30
Q

Overturn

A

Axial plane is inclined to the extent that strata on one limb is overturned

31
Q

Overthrust fold (3)

A

Pressure’s very great
Fold breaks
A limb is pushed forward into another limb

32
Q

Landforms associated with folding

A

Synclinal valleys and anticline ridges turn into synclinal ridges and anticlinal valleys due to erosion

33
Q

Shield definition

A

Stable parts of crust that fairly flat plateau due to little movement.

34
Q

Basin definition

A

Large lowland region between Shields and fold mountain ranges.

35
Q

Rock faulting definition

A

A crack that forms in rocks due to continuous tension and compression forces

36
Q

What’s a fault line

A

Line along earths surface where a fault occurs

37
Q

Types of rock faults (3×2)

A

Normal [tension pulling em apart]
Tear/transform [moving past each other]
Reverse [compression towards each other]

38
Q

Landforms associated with faulting
(3)

A

*fault scarp
*block mountain
*rift valley

39
Q

Fault scarp definition

A

Steep slope
that forms along a fault line
where rocks slide up and down

40
Q

Block mountain definition

A

Block of land uplifted
Between partalel faults

41
Q

Rift valley definition

A

Block of land
That slips down between parallel faults

Geography (18 decks)

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