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Geography > GIS *G11 > Flashcards

GIS *G11 Flashcards

Geographic Information System

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1
Q

What is GIS *2

A

Collection of computer hardware and geographic data to analyse, manipulate and store geographic related data

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2
Q

Ways to obtain geographical data/DATA acquisition *min 4 max 7

A

*surveys
*maps
*stats
*aerial photographs
*satellite images
*GPS
*field work

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3
Q

Components of GIS *5

A

*hardware
*data
*software
*procedures
*trained people

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4
Q

What do points represent

A

Houses
Cities
Monuments

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5
Q

What do lines represent

A

Roads
Railways
Rivers

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6
Q

What to polygons represent

A

Shopping centres
Recreational areas
Golf course

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7
Q

How does GIS work

A

Tool to represent features in layers (thematic)

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8
Q

Thematic layers consist of *6

A

*real world
*land usage
*elevation
*parcels
*streets
*customers

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9
Q

Data types *2

A

Special
Attribute

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10
Q

What is special data *2

A

*Info linked to a specific location using coordinates
*Represented by points, lines, polygons, location and shape

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11
Q

What is attribute data *2

A

*Descriptive quality/characteristic
*Names, population, temperature, areas

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12
Q

Types of spread data *2

A

Vector
Raster

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13
Q

What is vector data *2

A

*Data that stores points, lines and polygons using XY coordinates
*aka discrete data
More detailed

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14
Q

What is raster data *3

A

*Data stored by grid using pixels
*does not represent individual features
*aka continuous data

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15
Q

What does data manipulation do *3

A

*change data to suite needs
*removes errors
*updates data sets

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16
Q

What does resolution refer to

A

How accurately location and shape of map can be depicted

17
Q

What is the result of a higher amount in pixels *2

A

Higher resolution
Better image quality

18
Q

Spacial analysis

A

Process of examining locations, attributes and relationships of features

19
Q

Why is GIS better than raw data

A

Faster
More accurate
Improves management of resources

20
Q

What is buffering

A

Creation of a zone around a feature
Measured in units of distance/time

21
Q

Remote sensing

A

Observation of earth from a distance
OR
Taking a picture from a vertical distance of earth

22
Q

How are digital images sent to a computer (remote sensing)

A

One pixel at a time

23
Q

How is remote sensing stored in

A

Raster data

24
Q

What tools can be used for remote sensing

A

Satellite
Drone
Helicopter

25
Q

Benefits of remote sensing *4

A

*cover large areas
*consistent image quality
*allows change detection
*gain access to inaccessible areas

26
Q

Problems with raw images *2

A

Distorted
Degraded

27
Q

What does pre-processing do

A

Allows the correction of distorted images

28
Q
A

Geography (18 decks)

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