GIS *G11

Question 1

What is GIS *2

Answer 1

Collection of computer hardware and geographic data to analyse and store geographic related data

Question 2

Ways to obtain geographical data/DATA acquisition *min 4 max 7

Answer 2

*surveys
*maps
*stats
*aerial photographs
*satellite images
*GPS
*field work

Question 3

Components of GIS *5

Answer 3

*hardware
*data
*software
*procedures
*trained people

Question 4

What do points represent

Answer 4

Houses
Cities
Monuments

Question 5

What do lines represent

Answer 5

Roads
Railways
Rivers

Question 6

What to polygons represent

Answer 6

Shopping centres
Recreational areas
Golf course

Question 7

How does GIS work

Answer 7

Tool to represent features in layers (thematic)

Question 8

Thematic layers consist of *6

Answer 8

*real world
*land usage
*elevation
*parcels
*streets
*customers

Question 9

Data types *2

Answer 9

Special
Attribute

Question 10

What is special data *2

Answer 10

*Info linked to a specific location using coordinates
*Represented by points, lines, polygons, location and shape

Question 11

What is attribute data *2

Answer 11

*Descriptive quality/characteristic
*Names, population, temperature, areas

Question 12

Types of spread data *2

Answer 12

Vector
Raster

Question 13

What is vector data *2

Answer 13

*Data that stores points, lines and polygons using XY coordinates
*aka discrete data
More detailed

Question 14

What is raster data *3

Answer 14

*Data stored by grid using pixels
*does not represent individual features
*aka continuous data

Question 15

What does data manipulation do *3

Answer 15

*change data to suite needs
*removes errors
*updates data sets

Question 16

What does resolution refer to

Answer 16

How accurately location and shape of map can be depicted

Question 17

What is the result of a higher amount in pixels *2

Answer 17

Higher resolution
Better image quality

Question 18

Spacial analysis

Answer 18

Process of examining locations, attributes and relationships of features

Question 19

Why is GIS better than raw data

Answer 19

Faster
More accurate
Improves management of resources

Question 20

What is buffering

Answer 20

Creation of a zone around a feature
Measured in units of distance/time

Question 21

Remote sensing

Answer 21

Observation of earth from a distance
OR
Taking a picture from a vertical distance of earth

Question 22

How are digital images sent to a computer (remote sensing)

Answer 22

One pixel at a time

Question 23

How is remote sensing stored in

Answer 23

Raster data

Question 24

What tools can be used for remote sensing

Answer 24

Satellite
Drone
Helicopter

Question 25

Benefits of remote sensing *4

Answer 25

*cover large areas
*consistent image quality
*allows change detection
*gain access to inaccessible areas

Question 26

Problems with raw images *2

Answer 26

Distorted
Degraded

Question 27

What does pre-processing do

Answer 27

Allows the correction of distorted images