Earthquakes Flashcards
Earthquake definition
A vibration in earths crust
Focus definition
Point in earth’s crust where earthquake begins
Epicentre definition
Point immediately above the focus
Seismic Waves definition (4)
Waves of energy
That pass thru the crust
From the focus
to the epicentre
P + S Waves are
Seismic Waves that travel through the crust (from focus)
L Waves are
Seismic Waves that travel across the surface (from epicentre)
Tsunami definition
A series of waves formed due to earthquakes under the seabed
Whats a seismograpgh
An instrument that measures the magnitude of seismic waves
What’s the richer scale
Measurement of the magnitude of an earthquake
RS 2.5-5.4
Barely damage
RS 5.5-6.0
Some damage
RS 7-8+
bad.
Name ways to predict earthquakes (3)
*satellite info
*animal warnings
*tsunamis warning systems
Explain how satellite info can help predict an earthquake
Satellites give info about changes in temperature on earths surface
They predict where crust is unstable
Explain how animal warning can help predict earthquakes
Animals behave strange before earthquakes
They cab detect vibrations in rocks
Explain how tsunami warning systems can help predict an earthquake (4)
Sensors can detect:
*seismic data about earthquakes that lead to tsunamis
*pressure recorders on the floor
*tide gauges that measure tides
*open ocean markers that measure changes in sea level
Reasons for deaths (tsunamis and earthquakes) (5)
*population density
*how developed infrastructure is
*climate
*flooding
*efficiency of resoue operations
How can tsunamis/earthquakes affect settlements and the environment (3)
*destroys infrastructure
*washes away/contaminated soil
*radiation and safety hazards
Economic and social side effects or earthquakes/tsunamis (5)
*loss of homes
*no food en water
*messed up economy
*lost jobs
*vulnerability can lead to exploitation
Strategies to reduce the impact of earthquakes (6)
*install warning systems
*support systems have plans on what to do
*rapid and efficient services
*build safer buildings
*prepare in advance
