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Jainie’s EPPP Questions > Testing > Flashcards

Testing Flashcards

1
Q

Shrinkage

A

When validity scores (coefficients) tend to be lower for cross-validation sample than for the original sample.

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2
Q

What is the difference between oblique and orthogonal?

A

Oblique = correlated (related in some way)
Orthogonal = uncorrelated (statistically independent)

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3
Q

What is the purpose for using the multi-method matrix to evaluate tests?

A

To measure a tests construct validity.

If there are high correlations between the scores tests being measured with other scores on tests being measured for the same traits, the evidence for CONVERGENT VALIDITY

when the test has low correlation of scores with tests that measure unrelated traits, this is evidence for DIVERGENT VALIDITY.

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4
Q

What is a coefficient of determination?

A

It is a measure of the amount of difference in one item/trait that is accounted for by difference in another item/trait. (ex. how does EPPP score correlate with a psychologist’s salary five years after taking the exam?)

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5
Q

What was the Larry P. v. Wilson Riles case all about?

A

It prohibited scores from IQ tests to place African-American children in special education classes.

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6
Q

What is the PPVT – 5 used for?

A

Know that the PVT stands for “Peabody picture vocabulary test” and is used to assess the receptive vocabulary of individuals ages 2.5–90 years old. It can be used with individuals who have ASD, symptoms of psychosis, cerebral palsy, or other physical disabilities.

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7
Q

What is the Vineland-III used for?

A

Measures adaptive functioning. (Remember that a vine adapts around the trellis as it’s growing.)

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8
Q

What is the KABC– 2 used for?

A

Based on the Cattell-Horn-Carroll model and Luria’s neuropsychological processing model.

Provides five scales: simultaneous, sequential, planning, learning, knowledge

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9
Q

What are the four types of composite scores and the mean and standard deviation of the SB5?

A
  • Full scale IQ
  • Factor index score
  • Verbal/nonverbal Domain scores
  • Abbreviated Battery IQ score

Mean= 100
Standard deviation = 15

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10
Q

what does “shrinkage“ mean?

A

Is associated with cross validation, and refers to the fact that a validity score is likely to be smaller than the original score when the test and item are administer to another testing sample. Shrinkage occurs because the factors that contributed to the relationship between the test items in the original simple are not present in the cross validation sample.

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11
Q

Ravens progressive matrix (RPM)

A

Measures fluid intelligence and are considered to be culture reduced because they do not use language and performance does not depend on specific cultural or academic learning.

There are three RPM tests: standard progressive metrics, colored, progressive metrics and advanced progressive metrics.

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12
Q

Woodcock Johnson

A
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13
Q

Slauson intelligence test

A
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14
Q

Kuhlmann-Anderson test

A
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15
Q

Bender-Gestalt II

A

Is a measure for visual-motor integration, and a screening test for brain damage especially right parietal lobe damage.

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16
Q

What does it mean when a psychological assessment has a limited floor or limited ceiling?

A

The floor and ceiling of a test are the degrees to which a test can discriminate on examines who have very low levels or high levels of characteristics measured by the test.

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17
Q

What is the Leiter International Performance Scale used for? (Leiter-3)

A
  • Cognitive abilities for ages 3 to 75+
  • nonverbal format design
  • useful for non- English speakers and individuals with language impairments cognitive. abilities and Autism.
  • measures fluid intelligence
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18
Q

Wisconsin card sorting test

A
  • Sensitive to frontal damage
  • assesses abstract thinking for perseveration
  • distinguishes between frontal and non-frontal lesions.
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19
Q

How was the SB5 developed and what is it used for?

A

It comes from the Cattell-Horn-Carroll model that combines the distinction of fluid and crystallized intelligence with Carol’s Three Stratum theory of general intelligence that includes several broad cognitive abilities and some narrow cognitive abilities.

SB five is the only test out of many that are built on CHC model test five cognitive abilities which are:

– Knowledge
– Fluid reasoning
– Quantitative reasoning
– Visual spatial processing
– Working memory

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20
Q

What are the four tests that are built off of the CHC model?

A

– SB5
- WAIS-IV
– KABC-II
- WJ-IV

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21
Q

List the highest to lowest scale on the WAIS-IV that identifies an adult with ADHD.

A

Verbal comprehension
Perceptual reasoning
Working memory
Processing Speed

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22
Q

What are some general test construction rules that help improve reliability scores?

A
  • Longer tests are more reliable than shorter tests
  • When there’s more variation in the attributes of the testing population.
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23
Q

What is a major rule when choosing between T tests and analysis of variance?

A

T test is used when there’s one IV.

MANOVA is used when there are two or more DV’s

ANOVA is used when there are two IVs and one DV that are on an interval or ratio scale.

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24
Q

How are parametric statistical test more powerful than non-parametric tests? And what are some example of parametric and non-parametric tests?

A

Parametric tests are able to reject a false null hypothesis?

Parametric tests are T tests and ANOVAS. Nonparametric are Chi-Square tests.

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25
Q

What is the item discrimination index used for and how is it calculated?

A

It’s used to measure low and high overall scores on a test. The scoring ranges from -1.0 to +1.0 and the closer is to 0, the weaker it’s ability to discriminate.

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26
Q

According to classical test theory variability in test scores is due to a combination of what?

A

True score variability, and random error.

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27
Q

What is the Wonderlic personnel test – revise (WPT-R) a measure of?

A

It’s a 12 minute test of general mental ability that’s used to predict job success.

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28
Q

What is the kapa coefficient used for?

A

It’s used for two things:

to measure in rater reliability when scores represent a nominal scale of measurement.

It also corrects for chance agreement between the raters.

29
Q

What is a coefficient alpha used for?

A
30
Q

What is a KR-20 used for?

A
31
Q

What is the spearmint-brown used for?

A
32
Q

What do ipsadive scores tell you?

A

Also known as intraindividual scores that provide information on the exam relative (rather than absolute) strengths in interests and other characteristics by the test.

33
Q

What is the spearman-Brown formula used for?

A

It is also known as the spearman Brown prophecy formula that is used to estimate the effect of adding or subtracting items to a test on the test reliability score.

34
Q

What type of validity is being considered when scores on tests have high correlations with scores on other tests that measure the same or related information.

A

Convergent validity.

35
Q

What is concurrent validity?

A

It’s a type of criterion related validity that determines how well a new test measures a variable by measuring that variable on an established test as well.

36
Q

What is the Fagan Test of Intelligence used for? (“The Fagan”

A

It’s used to measure selective attention to novel stimuli and is a good predictor of IQ scores in childhood, adolescence and early adulthood. It is used on infants.

37
Q

What did Cattell use to develop the 16PF?

A

Lexical method and factor analysis

38
Q

What is confabulation on the Rorschach and what is it associated with?

A

Confabulation involves overgeneralizing from one detail of an ink blot to the whole ink blot and is associated with thought disorder caused by brain injury or another functional disorder.

Rorschach used this term differently than it’s typically used. Confabulation is typically used to describe individuals with amnesia who make up information to fill in memory gaps.

39
Q

What is test sensitivity and how is it calculated?

A

Test sensitivity is the test’s ability to accurately identify what the test is meant to identify.

It’s calculated by dividing the number of true positives by the number of true positives plus false negatives.
TP+TP and FN= Sensitivity Level

40
Q

What type of test is likely to have the lowest reliability score?

A

True/false test

41
Q

What is the difference between concurrent validity and predictive validity?

A

Concurrent validity is used to estimate an applicants most likely performance in the present.

Predictive validity is used to estimate an applicants most likely performance in the future.

42
Q

What is incremental validity referring to?

A

It refers to the increase in decision-making accuracy that occurs when a new selection technique is added to the existing selection procedure.

43
Q

What is the definition of concurrent validity?

A

It’s a type of criterion related validity that assesses the correlation between a new measure and an established measure. It’s used to determine if a new test can provide an immediate estimate of the persons ability that an established test would.

44
Q

What are the mean and standard deviation scores of the WAIS-IV full scale and index scores as well as the individual subtests scores?

A

Full scale and index scores have mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15.

The individual subtests have a mean of 10 and a standard deviation of 3.

45
Q

What are the two routing tests used on the SB5 to determine the appropriate entry level for other subtests?

A

Object series/matrices and vocabulary.

46
Q

What is another way to say criterion-related validity coefficient?

A

It’s a number between zero and 1.0 that measures a test validity. It indicates the strength of the relationship between a test and what the test is trying to measure (the criterion).

Example: a test’s criterion-related validity coefficient could be used to measure how well it predicts job performance.

47
Q

Classical Test Theory

A

A theory that predicts outcomes of psychological testing such as the difficulty of items or the ability of test takers.

The theory is based on the idea that a persons observed or obtained score on a test is the sum of a true score and an error score.

48
Q

The GAI score on the WAIS is used to minimize the effects of which scaled scores?

A

Working memory and processing speed

49
Q

What is the Halstead-Reitan test used for?

A

It’s a neuropsychological test battery that assesses brain function and condition for brain injured individuals. TBI

50
Q

What does the DSM require for a diagnosis of intellectual disability?

A

The disability requires the presence of deficits in both intellectual and adaption of functioning. The SB5 and Vineland-III are two adequate assessments to use in a testing battery.

51
Q

Used to determine a tests, internal consistency, reliability.

A

Coefficient alpha

52
Q

According to the PASS model, what are the four essential components of intelligence? And what cognitive assessment is based on this theory?

A

Planning
Attention
Simultaneous processing
Sequential processing

The CAS is based on this model.

53
Q

What is multiple regression used for?

A

It’s a compensatory method to combine test scores, making it possible for a high score on one test to compensate for low score on another.

54
Q

What is the difference between multiple hurdle approach and multiple cut off approach in an elimination process?

A

Multiple hurdle approach is more efficient than Multiple cut off but both are considered non-compensatory methods.

Multiple hurdle eliminates candidates at each step of the process. (NCLEX)

Multiple cut off allows for full examination, but candidates have to pass a minimum score on all tests regardless of how they did on each test. (EPPP+CPLEE)

55
Q

What is the meaning of test validity?

A

It’s the test ability to accurately measure what it was designed to measure.

56
Q

What is the Tower of London used for?

A

To test, problem-solving and planning abilities and poor performance is linked to autism and several other disorders.

57
Q

The Rancho scale of cognitive functioning

A

Used to assess patients current cognitive functioning following brain injury. The higher the number on the scale, the higher the functioning. 10 is highest level of functioning but still may need accommodations.

58
Q

This testing instruments assesses 15 manifest needs that were identified by Henry Murray

A

The Edwards personal preference schedule (a.k.a. EPPS)

59
Q

What are the five categories scored on the SB5?

A

Fluid reasoning
knowledge
quantitative reasoning
visual spatial processing
working memory

60
Q

What are the two phases of Rorschach administration?

A

Free Association- The subject is exposed to all the inkblots

Inquiry- The subject is asked about what parts in the inkblot determined his/her responses to obtain information needed to code the responses.

61
Q

What are the two phases of Rorschach administration?

A

Free Association- The subject is exposed to all the inkblots

Inquiry- The subject is asked about what parts in the inkblot determined his/her responses to obtain information needed to code the responses.

62
Q

What is consequential observer drift?

A

When two more raters communicate with each other while they’re assigning a score. It affects inter-rater reliability because the measures tend to be overestimated Making the scores artificially higher.

63
Q

What is item discrimination index score range?

A

-1.00- +1.00

64
Q

Scores that indicate brain damage on the Halstead-Reitan impairment index

A

.4 to .5

65
Q

MMPI Scales

A

1 Hs - Hypochondriasis
2 D- Depression
3 Hy - Hysteria
4 Psy - Psychopathology
5 M/F - Masculine/Feminine
6 Pa- Paranoia
7 Pt- Psychasthenia (Excess fear/doubt)
8 Sc - Schizophrenia
9 Ma - Hypomania (Unstable mood)
10 Si - Social Introversion

F- Faking Good
L- Faking Bad “Lying” about badness
K- Validity Score (Defensiveness)

VRIN- detects random responding
TRIN- detects fixed responding

Fb - overreporting of sx’s after 197
Fp - exaggeration of symptoms or crazy
S - Superlative self- presentation

66
Q

What is Parental alienation syndrome and how does this look on the MMPI?

A

When one parent actively tries to turn their child against the other parent.

On the MMPI, the L and K scales are higher than normal, and the F scale is lower than normal.

67
Q

What is Cohen’s kappa coefficient used for?

A

To measure inter-rater reliability. It measures the consistency of ratings assigned by two raters when the ratings represent a nominal scale.

68
Q

Columbia Mental Maturity Scale

A
  • does NOT require verbal responses
  • Does NOT require fine motor skills
  • designed for children with cerebral palsy
  • can also be used her children’s centered sensory, speech, or other motor impairment, or limited English proficiency.

Jainie’s EPPP Questions (10 decks)

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