Clinical Flashcards
Therapy Elements in Motivational Interviewing
Person-Centered (Rogers), Transtheoretical Model (Prochaska & DiClemente), self-efficacy (Bandura), cognitive dissonance (Festinger).
Stages and phases of Helm’s White Racial Identity Model
“CDR-PIA”
First Phase: Contact, Disintegration, and Reintegration.
Second Phase: Pseudo-independence, Immersion/emersion and Autonomy.
Assessment structure when identifying personality disorders
Use self report measures first then follow with semi structured interview.
Schizophrenia Prevalence Rates
For First Degree Relative who shares 50% genes:
6% biological parent
9% biological siblings
13% child (offspring)
17% dizygotic twin.
48% monozygotic twins who share
100% of their genes.
What is the age requirement for onset as well as the duration of symptoms for the DX of ADHD?
Onset of symptoms before 12 years of age that last for at least 6 months.
What is “Detouring” in Structure Family Therapy?
When two family members avoid their conflict by focusing on a third member.
What is “Stable Coalition” in Structure Family Therapy?
Dysfunctional alliances between at least two members against another member.
What is “Triangulation” in Structure Family Therapy?
When a child becomes involved in parent’s conflictual interventions by taking sides, distracting parents, and carrying messages in order to minimize conflict between parents.
What are exception questions used for in SFT?
To help clients identify times when their problems did not exist or were less intense.
What is a scaling question in SFT?
Where you use measurements to help the patient evaluate their progress. “On a scale of 1-10…and why?”
What are the 5 stages of Cross and Vandiver’s Black racial identity development model and describe key elements of each stage?
Pre-encounter: low salience for race, distrust and negative stereotypes of AA.
Encounter: First encounter and awareness of racial injustice.
Immersion-emersion: Acceptance of being AA, trying out “black” and figuring it out.
Internalization: Dissonance between the old and new self is resolved.
Internalization-commitment: a person might adapt a more nuanced definition of Blackness and reject simplistic either-or definitions.
What is Ketamine used for?
Treatment Resistant Depression (TRD)
What were the outcome of the metanalysis conducted by Smith, glass, Miller on the efficacy of psychotherapy?
Their metanalysis produced a mean effect size of .85, which meant that the average patient who receives psychotherapy was better often 80% of patients who did not receive psychotherapy.
List the symptoms of alcohol withdrawal after sensation or reduction of heavy and prolonged use.
For the diagnosis you need to of the following symptoms:
autonomic hyperactivity and tremor
insomnia
nausea/vomiting
transit hallucinations or illusions
psychomotor agitations
anxiety
generalized tonic clonic seizures
Name the three stages of Howard’s phase model, and what each stage includes.
Remoralization- first few session of therapy. Increased sense of hope.
Remediation-
Rehabilitation
Community Health prevention three step process
Primary- Educating public on potential disease
Secondary- Identifying infected population and offering screening and interventions to reduce spread
Tertiary- Reducing the severity of the disease
Requirements for brief psychotic disorder, diagnosis
Aires the presence of one or more symptoms with at least one symptom being delusions, hallucinations or disorganized speech for at least one day, but less than one month.
What are the required presents of symptoms to diagnose ADHD?
Characteristic symptoms should be:
- present in at least two settings, such as home, and at school
- onset before 12 years old
- duration of at least six months.
Explain the six stages of change in Prochaska and Di Clemente’s transtheoretical model
Precontemplation-
Contemplation-
Preparation-
Action-
Maintenance-
Termination-
What is the difference in diagnosing ADHD in adults vs. children?
Children must have at least six symptoms of intention, and/or six symptoms of hyperactivity and pulse and impulsivity
For ages 17 and older must have at least five symptoms of an inattention and/or five symptoms of hyperactivity and impulsivity.
What was the CRAFT program designed for?
Individuals who refuse to seek treatment for their substance use problems. When using the intervention, the therapist works with concerned significant others (CSOs) who are family members or close friends of the individual who has the substance use problem.
What are the three types of behavioral interventions used to treat paraphilia disorders?
-Orgasmic reconditioning
-covert sensitization
-aversion treatment
List key aspects of the multisystems model.
- Boyd-Franklin’s developed for AA families
- Consists of 2 main Axes
- Axis I: components of treatment (joining, assessing, restructuring)
- Axis II: levels where treatment can be applied (individual, family, nonblood kin, friends, community).
In family therapies, Minuchin distinguished between overly rigid and overly permeable boundaries. What terms were used for both types?
Disengagement for overly rigid boundaries and enmeshment for overly permeable boundaries.