Testicular Function Flashcards
Where is sperm synthesised?
Seminiferous tubules in the lobules of a testis.
What cells surrounding seminiferous tubules produce testosterone?
Leydig cells.
Give 2 functions of sertoli cells.
Sertoli cells (extend from margin to lumen; provide nutrients. Establish blood-testis barrier (so only testosterone can enter). Provide protection.
What hormone activates sertoli cells?
FSH.
What are spermatogonia?
Stem cells that differentiate to produce sperm cells.
What is the role of the acrosome?
It contains enzymes to penetrate oocyte (female gamete)
During ejaculation, sperm travels through the epididymus to where?
The vas deferens.
Give 2 functions of the testes.
Produce sperm. Produce androgens (testosterone).
What cells does LH activate?
Leydig cells. Stimulates testosterone production.
What cells does FSH activate?
Sertoli cells. Produces androgen binding protein (ADP) → more testosterone crosses blood-testis barrier.
What is the chromosomes present for Klinefelter syndrome?
XXY.
Give 2 features of Klinefelter syndrome.
Taller than average. More female characteristics. Reduced development of seminiferous tubules, therefore lack of spermatogenesis.
What is Kallman syndrome?
Lack of development of hypothalamic nuclei, therefore lack of GnRH.
Give 2 features of Kallman syndrome.
Delayed puberty. Lose their sense of smell.
What is the function of prolactin in males?
It’s produced by the anterior pituitary and facilitates spermatogenesis action.
