Sex Determination Flashcards
What determines sex determination in males?
Wolffian ducts persist.
What determines sex determination in females?
Mullerian ducts persist.
What is gene is responsible for testes development in males?
SRY gene in Y chromosome.
What does the hormone AMH do?
Anti-mullerian hormone leads to the regression of the Mullerian structures, to promote the development of the wolffian duct.
What is the role of testosterone in male development?
It promotes the development of the Wolffian duct into the epididymis, vas deferens and seminal vesicles.
What is the role of estrogen in female development?
It causes the Mullerian duct to develop into the fallopian tubes, uterus and upper vagina.
Give 3 features of Klinefelter syndrome.
Chromosome 47 XXY. Undescended testes. Small testes. Tall stature. Lack of secondary sexual characteristics. Gynaecomastia. Infertility.
What are the 3 functional cells of the testes?
Germ cells. Leydig cells. Sertoli cells.
What is the function of germ cells?
Germ cells: produce spermatogonia →produce male gametes in puberty.
What is the function of sertoli cells?
Synthesize anti-Müllerian hormone.
What is the function of leydig cells?
Synthesize testosterone.
During week 7, the primordial germ cells start migrating from the yolk sac to where?
The gonadal ridge.
The gonadal ridge in males differentiates into…
Seminiferous tubules, rete testis, straight tubules.
Ovaries contain 3 functional cell types, what are they?
Germ cells. Granulosa cells. Theca cells.
What do germ cells do?
They produce oogonia; located in ovarian cortex (oogonia—haploid cells that remain arrested in prophase 1 of meiosis until ovulation).
