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test1 Flashcards

1
Q

contagious itchy rash, worse at night

A

scabies

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2
Q

failure to pass meconium within 48 hours + expulsion of gas/stool with rectal exam

A

hirschprung

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3
Q

traveler who has fever, RUQ pain, hypoechoic liver lesion

A

entamoeba histolytica- parastie

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4
Q

differentiating acute bacteria prostatitis vs UTI

A

do digital rectal exam

age group- prostatitis can affect younger men whereas UTIs dont

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5
Q

when do you do endoscopy rather than observe for kid who swallowed a coin

A

endoscopy: symptomatic or >24 hrs or unknown time. Observe otherwise.

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6
Q

when do you do AAA repair?

A
  • diameter > 5.5 cm
  • expand greater than 0.5 cm in 6 mo
  • symptomatic (abd/back pain)
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7
Q

managing asymptomatic hyperparathyroidism

A

no surgery!

f/u with serial Ca, Cr, DXA testing

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8
Q

can patients with uncomplicated MI return to work?

A

yes

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9
Q

1st step of dx for palpable breast mass if <30 y/o vs >30

A

<30- US

>30- mammogram

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10
Q

woman>30 y/o with benign or indeterminate mass next step

A

US (if malignant–> core biopsy)

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11
Q

who can discuss organ transplants with the family of the deceased?

A

staff from Organ Procurement Org

or physician who’s trained in it

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12
Q

gleason score and PSA level of very low risk prostate cancer

A

gleason <6 with <3 core areas affected

PSA<10

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13
Q

which drug- temporary lethargy and ataxia in teen

A

inhalants

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14
Q

peaked T waves is what electrolyte abnormality

A

hyperkalemia

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15
Q

management of reducible inguinal hernia

A

surgery within 1-2 weeks

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16
Q

can women<60 with no breast cancer or stroke history do hormonal replacement therapy?

A

yes- short term for 3-5 years

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17
Q

can you use oral advanced directives?

A

only if told to the doctor in front of 2 witnesses

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18
Q

prolonged PTT in a patient with no prior bleeding episode

A

acquired factor VII inhibitor

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19
Q

atrial flutter treatment

A

cardio version (anticoagulate for 3 weeks prior)

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20
Q

work up of uterine firboids found on US

A

biopsy to test for cancer

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21
Q

which med to avoid in gout?

A

diuretics (thiazides, lasix) - because they decrease the fractional excretion of urate

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22
Q

neuropsych sxs, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, shortened QT– which electrocyte abnormality?

A

hypercalcemia

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23
Q

managing white coat hypertension

A

24 hr BP monitoring

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24
Q

pericarditis causing syncope how?

A

compress right chambers –> reduce VR –> reduce preload

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25
Q

soft testicular mass that increases with standing and valsalva

A

varicocele

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26
Q

varicocele complications

A

infertility, testicular atrophy

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27
Q

which side varicocele is sign of renal cell carcinoma?

A

right sided concerning

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28
Q

baby turns blue during breastfeeding

A

choanal atresia (nasal obstruction–>only breathe through their mouth)

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29
Q

dx choanal atresia

A

1) try to pass a nasal catheter to pharynx

2) CT

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30
Q

malignant pleural effusion in lung cancer management

A

palliative:

chemical pleurodesis- obliterate pleural space by using a sclerosing agent

31
Q

treatments for 3 different lead levels

A

mild (<44)- observe
moderate (45-69): DMSA
severe (>70): EDTA

32
Q

dx for PJP

A

sputum induction

33
Q

do patients with severe MR and MVP need abx ppx for dental procedures?

A

no- only if prosthetic valves or prior infective endocarditis

34
Q

what to give patient after tylenol OD within 4 hours

A

charcoal

35
Q

what to give patients with tylenol OD from 4-24 hrs

A

NAC

36
Q

treatment for prolactinomas

A

DA agonists treat 90%!

surgery if not

37
Q

most common inherited thrombophilic disease

A

Factor V leiden causing protein C resistance

38
Q

treatment for TCA OD resulting in QRS prolongation

A

sodium bicarbonate

39
Q

failure to lose weight and BMI>30 vs >40

A

> 30- medications (orlistat)

> 40: bariatric surgery

40
Q

believing you are infected with parasites is delusional do or somatic symptom do?

A

delusional do

41
Q

bloody diarrhea after animal exposure

A

EHEC

42
Q

norovirus bloody or watery diarrhea

A

watery diarrhea and emesis

43
Q

dx 2nd trimester for neural tube defects

A

alpha fetoprotein and ultrasound

44
Q

what population is half medicaid enrollees but only 15% of expenditures

A

kids

45
Q

pregnant mothers with diabetes and fetal weight>4.5kg should…

A

undergo c-section at 39 weeks

due to risk shoulder dystocia

46
Q

migraine prophylactic meds

A

TCAs
BBs
AEDs (VPA)

47
Q

strategy to prevent ventilator injury in ARDS

A

low tidal volume

48
Q

AAA is defined as diameter over

A

3 cm

49
Q

patients with severe nephrotic syndrome predisposed to

A

thrombotic events

50
Q

pregnant woman with flulike and rash, arthralgia

A

parvovirus B19

51
Q

complications of parvovirus B19 in pregnant patient

A

fetal anemia
hydros fetalis
fetal demise

52
Q

next step in COPD exacerbation if patient fails oxygen therapy

A

NPPV (then intubate if fail that)

53
Q

teen girl with pharyngeal erythema and parotid swelling

A

eating disorder

54
Q

candida vagina treatment during pregnancy

A

clotrimazole, miconzole, nystatin

55
Q

can you use fluconazole during pregnancy?

A

no- increases risk of miscarriage and congenital defects

56
Q

young woman with orthostasis, dry mucous membranes, tooth erosion, hand scarring, metabolic alkalosis with hypokalemia

A

self-induced vomiting

57
Q

focal seizure dx of choice

A

MRI- often caused by structural issue (eg tumor)

58
Q

diagnosing primary sclreosing cholangitis

A

ERCP

59
Q

which lung infection is most rapid and progressive- viral, bacterial, or fungal

A

bacterial

60
Q

can you give Rh Ig after pregnant woman has already been allomimmunized?

A

no, its already done

61
Q

strongest risk factor for OSA

A

neck circumference

62
Q

management of reducible umbilical hernia

A

reassure it’ll resolve (surgery if hasn’t by age 5)

63
Q

obese woman with oligomenorrhea

A

PCOS

64
Q

when is surgery for MR recommended?

A

primary MR with EF 30-60%

65
Q

treating herpes zoster helps prevent what?

A

complications- post herpetic neuralgia

66
Q

femoral hernias are medial to

A

femoral artery, nerve, and vein

67
Q

femoral hernias above or below inguinal ligament?

A

below (indirect and direct are above)

68
Q

alternating bradycardia and tachycardia and afib

A

sick sinus syndrome

69
Q

cause of sick sinus syndrome and management

A

cause: SA node dysfunction
tx: pacemaker, meds

70
Q

parkinson’s is symmetric or asymmetric motor signs

A

asymmetric

71
Q

hematuria, flank pain, flank/abdominal mass

A

renal cell carcinoma

72
Q

first line abx for human bite

A

augmentin

73
Q

hyperthyroid symptoms within a year of pregnancy- what is it and whats the treatment

A

postpartum thyroiditis - (autoimmune)

tx- BB if symptomatic (not thryoidectomy because temporary)

74
Q

complications of postpartum thyroiditis

A

some develop hypothyroidism or goiter

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