Test November 29th 2022

Question 1

Nietzsche Vitalism

Answer 1

• affirms the importance of life
• understands individual experience as full of intensity and fulfillment

Question 2

Descartes: Body vs. Soul

Answer 2

• the body is a material substance subject to determination
• soul is spiritual, free and immortal

Question 3

Telos

Answer 3

the purpose of an entity, which can be used to judge whether it is good or bad, based on how well it serves its purpose.

Question 4

Doxa

Answer 4

common belief or popular opinion

Question 5

Medieval Philosophy

Answer 5

completely Christian, San Agustin prime figure

Question 6

Essence

Answer 6

characteristics that differentiate a being, the being can’t still be itself without them

Question 7

Existence

Answer 7

word to refer to something that exists

Question 8

Substance

Answer 8

that which exists by itself

Question 9

Accident

Answer 9

characteristics that a being has contingently, the being can still be itself without them

Question 10

Act

Answer 10

the very reality of being and its principle

Question 11

Potencia

Answer 11

the possibility and capability of something to grow into something else (Aristotle)

Question 12

Ontology

Answer 12

a branch of philosophy that asks the meaning of everything that exists

Question 13

Category

Answer 13

a pure concept of the understanding (Kant)

Question 14

Materialism

Answer 14

the view that all facts are causally dependent upon physical processes, or even reducible to them

Question 15

Things Nietzsche hated

Answer 15

• Christianity, as it reflects slave morality
• Previous philosophers, (history of philosophy is a grave error)

Question 16

Existentialism

Answer 16

the idea that all humans are free

Question 17

Idealism

Answer 17

idea that there are two realities, on apparent and one real

Question 18

Episteme

Answer 18

science or the knowledge of truth

Question 19

Reminiscence

Answer 19

remembrance, the recalling of memories from one’s past experiences

Question 20

A priori

Answer 20

knowledge acquired from evidence or past experience

Question 21

Essentialism/Spiritualism

Answer 21

idea that there is a material body and a cosmic spirit

Question 22

fijismo

Answer 22

Theory that defends that living species have always remained the same by faithfully transmitting their characteristics from generation to generation.

Question 23

Ethnocentrism

Answer 23

view of one’s own culture as superior to all pthers

Question 24

Cultural Relativism

Answer 24

not judging a culture to our own standards of what is right or wrong, strange or normal

Question 25

Realism Theory Aristotle

Answer 25

there is a true reality, and things exist whether humans perceive them or not