Flashcards from Notes
Platonic Love
idea of love/friendship by Plato, in which romantic/sexual feelings are nonexistent
Eugenics
argument that it is possible to improve the human race and society by encouraging reproduction by people or populations with “desirable” traits (termed “positive” eugenics) and discouraging reproduction by people with “undesirable” qualities (termed “negative” eugenics).
Animals have…..
concrete intelligence but can’t think
Utopia
idea by Plato of a society that is perfect, therefore it doesn’t exist
Distopia
idea by Plato of a society where everything is horrible, the complete opposite of imperfection
Difference between animals and humans
although both have a physical body, humans have society and culture, unlike animals
Darwin’s Natural Selection
when there are very little resources and many individuals, so only strong/evolutionarily advantaged can survive
Human Evolution
humans evolved from homo sapiens to have culture and language
The two bodies in existence
- physical/biological body
- social, spiritual and cultural soul
Kant and Frued
Contemporary Age anthropological philosophers
Emotional Intelligence
ability to control our basic emotions/instincts and understand others
Daniel Goleman: emotional intelligence is achieved through
self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skills
Übermensch
- Nietzsche’s theory of a SUPERMAN (beyond + man):
- ideal man of the future who gives himself values/morality
- far superior to all other human beings psychologically
-has overcome nihilism
- independent individual, very much NOT A CHRISTIAN
Nietzsche’s two types of humans
the higher human beings (supermen) , and those who belong to the herd (slaves
Simone de Beauvoir ideas
- French existentialist
- humans are born free without purpose
- greatest goal is to find our own life’s meaning and allow others to do the same
- women aren’t born but become, become the inferior sex in society’s eyes
Anthropological Dualism
- PLATOOOO
- affirms the existence of body and soul as two distinct realities
Frued
pointed out the importance of unconscious desires and traumas in our mental processes, which we are unaware of
Marx: human objective
each individual human being is must work creatively with others to fulfill their potential
Aristotle on human morality
reason and freedom of speech are the foundation of human morality and sociability
Kant
reason is the fundamental characteristic of a human being: it is fundamental to morality and human dignity
Anthropological philosophy
ask questions about what it means to be human
Hilemorfismo
Aristotle’s theory that there are two parts to everything, the form (physical and actual body) and the matter (soul or conceptual part)
Culture (Darwin)
- a purely human concept, as we are the only species with science, love, music, technology, religion, art etc.
- characteristic way of life that a society has
Humans are….
social animals! after we are born we need relationships with each other to survive
Two modes of production
Capitalist and Communist
Karl Marx: what makes us human iss…….
doing work
Capitalist factor workers
completely alienated from the product they are creating other than their human essence that is used to make it
Marx fun facts!!!!
- studied economic history
- wrote “The Communist Manifesto”
Nihilism
idea by Nietzsche of the denial of all traditional moral values and that life is meaningless
Evolution
- Darwin
- Theory that species grow and change over time
