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AP EURO > Test 8 > Flashcards

Test 8 Flashcards

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AP® European History flashcards
1
Q

Britain and Germany post Versailles Sentiment notes

A
  • Germany did not want to enact to harsh of penalties on Germany for the war because Germany received much of Britain’s exports so Britain was hesitant
  • great economic hardship would hurt middle class consumers
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2
Q

What were the three main British political parties

A

Labour Party, conservatives (Tories), and liberals (kinda Whigs)

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3
Q

Notes on Britain’s Labour Party

A
  • rose as champion of the working class and of greater social equality
  • took power briefly in 1924
  • came to replace the liberal party as the main enemy of conservatives

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4
Q

Stanley Baldwin and the conservatives

A

Ruled from 1924-1929

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5
Q

Bauhaus art movement

A
  • more things became utility based
  • mostly in architecture and furniture
  • objective was to unite all pieces that would contribute to the new communist world
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6
Q

Logical Empiricism

A
  • narrowed the field of philosophy
  • rejected most concerns of traditional philosophy
  • stated that philosophy is the highest form of science
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7
Q

Friedrich Nietzsche ideas

A
  • God is dead
  • people follow morals because that’s what rulers want them to believe
  • morality suffocated self realization, that without morals one would come to some new enlightened conclusion
  • Übermenschen
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8
Q

Lenin’s NEP

A

Workers could create surplus of crops and sell them in open markets

Radicals compared to forced collectivization

Lenins new direction because the Russian economy was falling apart

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9
Q

John Maynard Keyes

A
  • most famous 20th century economist
  • wrote the “economic consequences of peace “
  • said the Treaty of Versailles would bring ruin for all who were involved
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10
Q

Locarno Pact

A
  • Germany said it would settle all disputes peacefully

Gave Europeans a false sense of security

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11
Q

Kellogg Pact

A
  • (1928)
  • said all war was illegal except for self defense, signed by 62 nations
  • Locarno was much weaker than this, but had no real enforcement mechanism
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12
Q

Effects of the Ruhr crisis

A
  • hyper inflation in Germany

- Germany began to print the money and german currency dropped

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13
Q

Effects of hyper inflation in Germany

A
  • german Mark dropped
  • brought social revolution, many people savings were wiped out
  • middle class resented the government and blamed western capitalistic government
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14
Q

Freudian Theory

A
  • Id- basic desires and wanted
  • Ego- mediates what a person can do, is a rationalizing conscious
  • superego- what a person should do
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15
Q

Stalin’s rise to power

A
  • targeted members of the Old Bolsheviks party

- dismissed of Leon Trotsky

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16
Q

Benefits of Soviet Union -

A
  • quick industrialization
  • WOMENS reed on’s and equality increased
  • state paid health care and education
  • WOMENs state paid abortions
17
Q

Soviet women

A

Could work outside the home but still had to work inside the home

Double Burden

18
Q

Black Shirts

A

Mussolini’s armed political supporters

  • created violence in Italy in order to create a need for stability
  • attacked political opponents led rallies
  • used to take gov
19
Q

Nazi Racial beliefs

A
  • bottom to top Jews, gypsies, homosexuals, Slavs
20
Q

Notes on the Dawes Plan

A

United States plan to restructure Germany’s debt

US did this because it realized that Germany was in in way over its head, so they loaned them money

21
Q

Lateran Agreeement of 1929

A
  • compensation for land taken during March on Rome, Mussolini got Papal approval of his government in return
22
Q

Mussolini creates a one party dictatorship by

A

1926

23
Q

Nazi Economic Policies

A

Many public works projects, which gave people lots of job, public supported Nazi party because of this

24
Q

Grand Alliance

A
  • US, Britain, USSR, Canada, France, and many others
25
Q

Stalingrad

A
  • first German defeat in Europe
  • Hitler looked to take oil fields in the Caucus Mountains to feed his war machine
  • major turning point, after the battle the soviets began pushing Germans back to Berlin for 2 1/2 years
26
Q

Invasion of Italy

A
  • allies invaded Sicily in 1943
  • Mussolini taken out by war- weary people, Germans then take control of puppet government and the reinstate Mussolini as head of gov
27
Q

Marshal Henri- Philippe Pétain

A
  • nazi collaborator
  • created Vichy government which accepted defeat and let German troops occupy France
  • Petain put in charge of northern puppet government
28
Q

Holocaust death count

A

Six million Jews

29
Q

Anschluss

A

German annexation of Austria, Austria supported Germany so Austria was not a victim

  • Czechoslovakia was the first real victim
30
Q

International community failures

A
  • invasion of Czechoslovakia ( chamberlain adopted polo city of appeasement at this time to avoid war)
  • rape of Nanjing (
  • Manchuria (
  • Italian invasion of Ethiopia ( League of Nations condemned act but just imposed weak sanctions)
31
Q

German- Soviet non- aggression pact

A
  • public agreement- no fighting for ten years

- private agreement- agreed to carve up Poland for themselves

32
Q

Lend else act

A
  • 1941

- us gave large amounts of money and supplies to British and Soviets to fight Germans

33
Q

Tehran conference

A
  • 1943 during war
  • first meeting of Big Three
  • Stalin,Churhill, and FDR agree to invade Western Europe
  • Stalin said he would enter war against Japan after Germany’s defeat
  • Stalin insisted on having a Soviet controlled Eastern Europe
  • Chruchil demanded free election for Soviet occupied countries but knew it wasn’t practical
34
Q

Casablanca Conferecne

A
  • 1943
  • FDR and Churchill declared a policy of unconditional surrender for all enemies
  • Italy would be invaded first before opening second front in France
  • Stalin would never forget that USSR had to hold off Germany alone because the US and Britain wanted to wait a little longer
35
Q

Yalta Conference

A
  • 1945
  • Stalin agreed to declaration of liberated Europe, free elections
  • called for creation of UN
  • Germany to be divided up into occupied zones
  • USSR allowed to keep its pre 1939 territory
36
Q

Postdam Conference

A
  • 1945
  • Stalin, Truman, and Clement Atlee
  • issued warning to Japan for unconditional surrender or face utter destruction
  • Stalin reversed his position that there would be no free elections in Europe because of US nuclear power

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AP EURO (16 decks)

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