Final Review part 1 Flashcards
What were fur-collar crimes?
Crimes committed by nobles so that they could keep their lifestyle and status, usually petty crimes
What are classic symptoms of the Bubonic Plague?
- the growth of a bubo or boil in the armpit, groin, or neck
- then came the appearance of black spots or blotches caused from bleeding under the skin
- lastly the victim would begin to cough violently and spit up blood, this meant death would follow in two to three days
What caused fur-collar crimes to erupt
After the Hundreds Year war or during truces nobles had no work so they were “forced” to turn to extorting and racketeering
who stated that the papacy had to power in scripture, and that every christian should read the bible themselves and that scripture should set the standard for christian principles, translated first English Bible
John Wyclif
what were Lollards?
John Wyclif’s followers, they allowed women to preach and had a large impact
What 15th century priest took up John Wyclif’s ideas and said the church’s power rested on scripture, conscience and tradition, power advocator for Czech relations and equality against germans, very orthodox, was set up by emperor and arrested questioned and burned at the stake
Jan Hus
what population was hardest hit by the plague?
the young
who led the hussites? and started a strong nationalist movement in Bohemia
Jan Hus
what was the major cause of the hundreds year war
England laid claim to Acquitane a part of France and French kings did not like this, england and Edward III had power over Aquitane and an eager Philip VI confiscated Aquitane and Edward saw this as an act of war, Edward also argued that he should have the thrown of france as well because he was the oldest descendent of Philip the Fair
Notes on prostitution
- existed in many cities
- costumers were often young middle class men
- many prostitution houses were legal and set up by the local government, certain streets or neighborhoods were set up for it specifially
Notes of Florence
- Renaissance really began in Florence
- Ruled by Medici familiy
- largest rival was Milan, ruled by sforza family
- Florentine merchants and bankers were able to take control of Papal banking by their position as tax collectors
- profits poured back into the city and were poured into urban industry, these profits contributed to the cities economic vitality
- gained most of its’ money from sea trade and banking
Notes on Machiavelli’s ideas
- felt a ruler should be powerful and strong like a LION
- felt a ruler should be crafty and cunning like a FOX
- felt that the ends justified the means
- It is much more safe to be feared than to be loved as a ruler
- the prince outlined how a ruler should gain, maintian, and increasse power
- humanist, concludes that human beings are selfish and out to increase
Notes on Renaissance women and the impact on them
- Most women did not have a Renaissance, were rarely able to leave the house for their safety
- only women that experienced a Renaissance were Christian di Paisan and Theresa di Medici
notes on indulgences
- Catholic church would sell these to people as they would grant someone forgiveness or get an ancestor out of purgatory
- this is what set Martin Luther off and aided his reason to create the 95 thesis
Who wanted to people to read and interpret the bible for themselves
John Wyclif
Who influenced Bohemia and wanted to make people’s relationships with God more personal
Jan Hus
Notes on French Calvinists
- Called Huguenots
- Most lived in major cities
- Majority was made up of reform minded clergy and the industrious middle class and artisans
- Brutally supressed by mainly Catholic France, and forced out of the country
- had a strong hold in some of the economic regions in France
Notes on Saint Bartholomew’s day massacre
- A marriage of Margaret of Valois who was Catholic and Henry of Navarre who was Protestant
- Catholics massacred Huguenot weddings guests
- Other protestants were massacred by mobs
- religious violence spread to other provinces
*** Led to a fifteen year civil war, which destroyed agriculture and commercial supply, starvation and death
Notes on the Peace of Augsburg
- 1555
- Accepted by Charles v, in HRE
- officially recognized Lutheranism,
- allowed each prince to choose his territories religion, no religious freedom whatsoever though
- Princes and officials set up churches for each province which everyone had to attend
Effects of the Peace of Augsburg
- temporarily made peace in Germany, ended the struggle in Germany over Luthernaism
- Charles V gave lost much power, states in HRE became more independent
Notes on Anabaptists
- believed in voluntary association of believers
- Rejected the idea of the church and state needed to be united
- Rejected childhood baptism, believed only adults could make that decision, But firmly believed in and upheld baptism as a practice
- believed the world would end
- rejected the idea of the trinity
Notes on Anabaptists at Munster Germany
- Anabaptists took control of Munster
- Led by John of Leyden
- instituted polygamy, burned all books except the Bible, and began to kill some Lutherans and Catholics, let women lead the movement
- Combined army of protestants and catholics stormed the city and executed anabaptist leaders
Long term affects of anabaptists
Quakers, Menonites, and Unitarians
What did Luther and Zwingli disagree about
- the meaning and nature of the eucharist
* art and music in the Church
