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AP EURO > CH. 12 TEST > Flashcards

CH. 12 TEST Flashcards

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AP® European History flashcards
0
Q

What caused the the “Great Famine” from 1315-1322?

A

Drastic climate changes which greatly hurt harvests, and the inability to transport foods over great distances. People only relied on harvests near them to get food.

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1
Q

What was the period of time from 1315-1322 called?

A

“Great Famine”

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2
Q

Contemporaries interpretted the “Great Famine”….

A

As a recurrence of the Biblical “Seven Years Lean”

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3
Q

What was the first symptom of the Bubonic Plague.

A

A boil or bubo the size of an apple or nut found in the patients armpit, neck, or groin.

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4
Q

What were the secondary symptoms of the Bubonic Plague?

A

Black spots or blotches appeared on the skin because of bleeding underneath the skin.

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5
Q

What were the final symptoms of the Bubonic Plague?

A

Coughing and the spitting of blood, this signaled death in two to three days.

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6
Q

Aside from decimating Europe’s population, what did the Black Plague do?

A

Changed how Europe thought

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7
Q

The Plague was first carried from _____ to _____

A

Asia to Genoa, Italy

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8
Q

What helped spread the Plague?

A

Poor personal hygiene, cold weather and lack of food, overcrowding, trash and waste was frequently dumped into the streets and gutters.

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9
Q

What invention made it easier for the Plague to spread?

A

European sail boats were redesigned which allowed them to sail farther.

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10
Q

how was the plague passed (specifically)

A

normally person to person contact (coughing or sneezing), or fleas.

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11
Q

For fleas the decline of rat populations led to

A

Humans being the substitute for rats

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12
Q

The plague is passed through ________?

A

Pneumonic Transmission

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13
Q

How much of the population died in England?

A

1.4 of 2.4 million

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14
Q

How many of its’ population did Florence, Italy loose?

A

Between 1/2 and 2/3 of its 1347 population.

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15
Q

how many people did Western Europe loose in the plague?

A

1/3 died in the first wave

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16
Q

What large empire was hit particularly hard?

A

German Empire

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17
Q

how was rape categorized in Medieval Europe?

A

Rape was a capital crime

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18
Q

What were the sentences handed down for Medieval rape?

A

Usually a fine or brief imprisonment

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19
Q

What did the sentences of rape depend on?

A

Sentences depended on the social status of the victim and perp.

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20
Q

What was considered a graver crime than the rape of married women and what was the sentence?

A

The rape of a young girl of marriageable age or the rape of a child under 12, five to six months imprisonment

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21
Q

What did the beginning of colleges do to Europe?

A

Colleges and universities destroyed the universal experience in Europe.

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22
Q

What did the formation of colleges do to European people.

A

People began to categorize themselves based on where they were educated.

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23
Q

What types of people were most likely to get the plague

A

Young

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24
Q

What began the early stages of nationialism

A

The making of universities

25
Q

who took advantage of the hundred years war, and flourished because France was not fighting them

A

French Barons

26
Q

What group tried to bring the churches together after they were on the verge of splitting

A

Conciliarsists

27
Q

Famous nun, had a conversion where she was inspired to make people have a personal direct relationship with God

A

Theresa de Avila

28
Q

Wrote city of the ladies, and was an early feminist In period where nobody wrote about women

A

Christine de Pisan

29
Q

What were the effects of the Hundred Years War?

A

Peasant revolts, English nobles got say in gov,

France was free from England, serfdom ends.

30
Q

What were fur collar crimes

A

Crimes by knights and nobility to maintain their lifestyle.

31
Q

Who were flagellants

A

People who whipped themselves to become more holy.

32
Q

Where councilarists met, to try to work it out

A

Council at Constance

33
Q

Where did 7 popes reside because the French king wanted say

A

Avignon

34
Q

Notes on peasant rebellions

A

were seen in both rural and urban regions

35
Q

What was special about the Divine Comedy.

A

It was written in the vernacular or everyday language

36
Q

whats special about agincourt

A

It was a battle fought early in the Hundred Years’ War, and was a major victory for England

37
Q

How was literacy in Medieval Europe

A

It was very low

38
Q

How many people inn Floreonce died?

A

1/2 of the population

39
Q

How did the economy in town suffer

A

Large portions of the working class died and there was no one to do the everyday jobs and labor

40
Q

What did the lack of workers create in some cities

A

Supply and demand in the cities for workers

41
Q

Who were usually blamed for misfortunes in Europe

A

The Jews

42
Q

Populations did not reach pre-plague levels until

A

The sixteenth century

43
Q

What was a the cause of the Hundred Years’ War

A

The English crown had and wanted to lay claim to Aquitaine. France didn’t own all of France and that aggravated french kings.

44
Q

Who was the French king at the time of the Hundred Years’ War and what was his goal

A

The French King Philip VI, his goal was to take over Aquitaine.

45
Q

Who was the English King during the Hundred Years War?

A

King Philip III

46
Q

Who was Joan of Arc and what did she do?

A

French peasant girl, who thought/ was called by God to rescue the French. She convinced King Philip to let her lead her troops into battle. The French win the battle of Orleans. Joan is seen as the savior of French civilization and helped king the next crown of France. She is captured by by the English and burned at the stake.

47
Q

What was the most Industrialized place in Europe?

A

Flanders a region in modern day Belgium.

48
Q

What did the reign and influence of the Catholic Church in Europe do to the people

A

It made them more unified

49
Q

What were the beliefs of John Wyclif

A

Believed that the Church should only follow scripture. Began to start to translate the Bible into languages

50
Q

What were the ideas of Jan Hus and where did do his work

A

To try and fight back against the authoritative church, located in Bohemia, he also led a nationialist movement.

51
Q

Who did Jan Hus lead?

A

The Hussites

52
Q

What is the Babylonian Captivity

A

Where the French king in a struggle of power had 7 popes reside in the city of Avignon.

53
Q

What happened to Rome in the Babylonian Captivity.

A

The Roman economy struggled, because the center of christianity was no longer in Rome.

54
Q

What was the Conciliar movement?

A

Bringing the two Churches together. Wanted to create a council of cardinals who had power over the Pope and elected new Popes.

55
Q

what demographic had different marrying trends than the rest of the population

A

Female peasants married later, very prominent in them

56
Q

What existed and was even sanctioned in certain cities

A

Prostitution

57
Q

Who were the main customers in prostitution

A

Young middle class men

58
Q

When did men marry

A

mid 20’s

59
Q

when did women marry

A

16-18

AP EURO (16 decks)

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