test 7 relating metabolic and respiratory problems to chart

Question 1

Metabolic acidosis

Answer 1

• initial problem: is that the buffer line moves down the pCO2 isobar as [H+] increases and/or [HCO3-] decreases (no change in pCO2)
• compensation: pCO2 isobar moves to the right along the buffer line as CO2 is blown off (pH: up, bicarb: down, pCO2: down)
• final result: pH = down; bicarb = down; pCO2 = down

Question 2

Respiratory Acidosis

Answer 2

• Initial problem: pCO2 isobar moves left along buffer line as pCO2 increases (pH: down; bicarb: up; pCO2: up)
• Compensation: buffer line moves up the pCO2 isobar as the kidney excretes H+ ions and retains bicarb (pH: up; bicarb: up; pCO2: no change)
• final result: pH = down; bicarb = up; pCO2: up

Question 3

Metabolic alkalosis

Answer 3

• Initial problem: buffer line moves up the pCO2 isobar as [H+] decreases and/or [HCO3- increases (pH: up; bicarb: up; pCO2: no change)
• Compensation: pCO2 isobar moves to left along buffer line as CO2 is retained (pH: down; bicarb: up; pCO2 up)
• final result: pH = up; bicarb = up; pCO2 = up

Question 4

Respiratory alkalosis

Answer 4

• Initial problem: pCO2 isobar moves right along buffer line as pCO2 decreases (pH: up; bicarb: down; pCO2: down)
• compensation: buffer line moves down the pCO2 isobar as the kidney retains H+ and removes bicarb (pH: down; bicarb: down; pCO2: no change)
• final result: pH = up; bicarb = down; pCO2 = down

Question 5

Metabolic acidosis after compensation
pH
HCO3-
pCO2

Answer 5

pH: down
HCO3-: down
pCO2: down

Question 6

Respiratory acidosis after compensations
pH
HCO3-
pCO2

Answer 6

pH: down
HCO3-: up
pCO2: up

Question 7

Metabolic alkalosis after compensations
pH
HCO3-
pCO2

Answer 7

pH: up
HCO3-: up
pCO2: up

Question 8

Respiratory alkalosis after compensation
pH
HCO3-
pCO2

Answer 8

pH: up
HCO3-: down
pCO2: down