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Surgical Tech 150 > Test 6 Basic incisions, closure, and sutures > Flashcards

Test 6 Basic incisions, closure, and sutures Flashcards

1
Q

Incision approaches vary by…

A

Target anatomy
surgeon preference
patient factors

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2
Q

Name the vertical incisions

A

Median/midline- down the middle
paramedian- lateral to the midline

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3
Q

Name the transverse incisions

A

midabdominal
Pfannenstiel- “bikini line”

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4
Q

Name the oblique incisions

A

subcostal- liver, gallbladder
McBurney’s- appendix
Inguinal- hernia, testicle

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5
Q

Where is the thoracoabdominal incision

A

along the side
thoracic and descending aorta
kidneys
lower esophagus

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6
Q

What are port sites?

A

small incisions for trocar placement

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7
Q

What are the 9 abdominal regions

A

1 R hypochondriac
2 Epigastric
3 L Hypochondriac
4 R Lumbar
5 Umbilical
6 L Lumbar
7 R Iliac
8 Hypogastric
9 L Iliac

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8
Q

Define suturing

A

the process of joining or approximating tissues with a needle and thread so tissues can bind together and heal

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9
Q

Define sutures

A

the materials used to close a wound to maximize the opportunity for wound healing

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10
Q

What are the functions of sutures

A

-hold tissues together
-provide strength to wound
-provide approximation
-method of hemostasis
-tie off tissues to be removed

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11
Q

Factors for choosing suture

A

-surgeon preference
-tissue type
-presence of infection
-disease processes affecting wound healing

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12
Q

What is suture gauge

A

diameter of suture
#7 thickest
0 middle diameter
11-0 thinnest

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13
Q

Tensile strength

A

amount of tension a suture can withstand before it breaks

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14
Q

Elasticity

A

ability to stretch or expand

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15
Q

Memory

A

ability to return to former position

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16
Q

capillarity/ capillary action

A

-pulls tissue fluids to move along the suture strand
-may cause microorganisms to migrate along the suture

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17
Q

pliability/ malleability

A

able to bend freely and repeatedly without breaking

18
Q

tissue drag

A

“rope burn”
how easily a suture passes through a tissue

19
Q

knot strength

A

resistance to a knot failure
knot is the weakest part

20
Q

what are barbed sutures

A

they have spikes running along the length of the suture
Brands: v-loc and stratafix

21
Q

What is tissue reaction

A

how the body will react to it
looking for inert suture (low reaction)

22
Q

What are the 6 main classifications of sutures?

A

absorbable
nonabsorbable
synthetic (manmade)
nonsynthetic (natural)
monofilament
multifilament (braided)

23
Q

Describe monofilament sutures

A

-single thread
-passes through tissue easily
-for skin closure
-resist harboring bacteria

24
Q

Describe multifilament (braided) sutures

A

2 or more threads
twisted together
can harbor bacteria
can maintain fluid

25
Q

What are 2 types of absorbable- nonsynthetic sutures (surgical gut)

A

plain gut
chromic gut

made from sheep or beef intestine

26
Q

What are the 4 types of absorbable- synthetic sutures

A

Monocryl-
Vicryl-
Dexon
PDS

27
Q

Describe Monocryl sutures

A

=polyglicaprone
monofilament
used in GYn, general, GU, and plastics

28
Q

Describe Vicryl sutures

A

=polyglactin 910
multifilament
used in GU

29
Q

Describe Dexon sutures

A

=polyglycolic acid
used in GU

30
Q

Describe PDS sutures

A

=polydioxanone
monofilament
abdominal fascia closures

31
Q

What are absorbable sutures

A

-digested by tissue enzymes
- not used long term
mono or multifilament

32
Q

Wha tare nonabsorbable sutures

A

not absorbed by body
permanent or removable
support for long term
encapsulated by tissue over time
mono or multifilament

33
Q

Name 2 nonabsorbable- nonsynthetic sutures

A

silk
surgical stainless steel

34
Q

Describe silk sutures

A

from silkworm cocoons
multifilament
Gi tract and bowel
*contraindicated in urinary tract- encourages stones

35
Q

Describe surgical stainless steel sutures

A

chromium and nickel alloys
*most inert
can be used with infection
not near other metals
mono or multifilament
used in abdomin, sternum, hernia repair, tendon, and bone repair

36
Q

What are the three types of nonabsorbable- synthetic sutures

A

polyester
prolene
nylon

37
Q

What are the 2 types of polyester sutures

A

Ethibond, Dacron, Ticron- has lubricant coating
Mersilene- uncoated
-multifilament
-strongest
used in tendons

38
Q

Describe prolene suture

A

=polypropylene
monofilament
most inert
used in cardiovascular and abdominal closure

39
Q

What are the 2 types of Nylon

A

Ethilon
Nurolon/ Surgilon

40
Q

Describe Ethilon sutures

A

monofilament
inert
used in eye, plastic, and microsurgery

41
Q

Describe Nurolon/ Surgilon sutures

A

multifilament
coated to reduce drag
used in neurosurgery and hernia repair
*4-0 most commonly used

42
Q

What are the parts of a surgical needle

A

-point (reverse/skin; blunt/liver; taper most common)
-shaft
-eye
-

Surgical Tech 150 (15 decks)

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