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Surgical Tech 150 > Test 5 Thermoregulation > Flashcards

Test 5 Thermoregulation Flashcards

1
Q

Thermoregulation

A

Mammals ability to self-regulate their body temperature irrespective of the environmental factors

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2
Q

Hyperthermia

A

Above normal temperature

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3
Q

Normothermia

A

Normal temperature

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4
Q

Hypothermia

A

Lower than normal temperature

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5
Q

Thermoregulation goal during surgery is?

A

Maintain normal body temperature

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6
Q

What are the risks for deviation from normothermia in surgery?

A

Anesthesia
OR environment
Open body cavities

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7
Q

Ways to measure surgery pt temperature..

A

Foley catheter
Rectal probe

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8
Q

Describe hypothermia in more detail

A

Body temp below 35 degrees C
Potentially dangerous/ costly
60% experience some hypothermia
Goal is to be proactive
Hard to reverse once cold

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9
Q

Maintaining normothermia..

A

Core temp 35C/ 98.6F
Hypothalamus controls
Shouldn’t vary more then 0.5C
Varies with environment

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10
Q

Maintaining normothermia naturally

A

Cold responses
Thermogenesis- shivering

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11
Q

Vasoconstriction

A

Cold response
Constricts peripheral vessels to conserve heat in the core

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12
Q

Thermogenesis- shivering

A

Most common
-Increase in o2
-Stress on respiratory and cardiovascular system
-uncomfortable for most

Post op shivering is common

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13
Q

Thermogenesis- non shivering

A

Unique to infants
Burning of “brown fat”
- more heat then adipose tissue
- lost as people age

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14
Q

Heat loss- radiation

A

Loss to OR environment
Ex cold room

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15
Q

Heat loss- convection

A

Lost to air currents
Ex fans

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16
Q

Heat loss- conduction

A

Heat loss to cooler surface
Ex OR table

17
Q

Heat loss- evaporation

A

Loss due to perspiration or respiration

18
Q

Heat loss- perioperative

A

Anesthesia- decrease metabolism and inhibits cold responses

19
Q

Hypothermia complication-
wound infection

A

Impairs ability to resist infection
Vasoconstriction > decreased blood pressure> tissue hypoxia> increased wound infection

20
Q

Hypothermia complication-
Cardiac dysfunction

A

Cardiac arrest
Unstable angina or ischemia (first 24 hours)

21
Q

Hypothermia complications-
Coagulopathy

A

Impairs platelet aggregation= increase bleeding time

22
Q

Hypothermia complications-
Altered drug effect

A

Affects neuromuscular blocking agents, local anesthesia, and CV drugs

23
Q

Hypothermia complications-
Increased mortality

A

Increase fluids, transfusion, and vasopressors= increase organ dysfunction and death

24
Q

Hypothermia complications-
Prolonged recovery time

A

Longer PACU stays to meet temperature discharge requirements

25
Q

Inducing hypothermia

A

Intentional
Rewarmed at conclusion
Manipulated by cardiopulmonary bypass machine

26
Q

What are ways to prevent Hypothermia

A

Easier to prevent then to treat
Raise OR temp
Limit skin exposure
Cover the head

27
Q

Warm cotton blankets

A

-Passive method- don’t provide heat to core body
- insulators which reduce heat loss by 30%

28
Q

Thermal drapes

A

Aluminum
Reflects heat back
Reduces intraop loss
Not actively providing heat

29
Q

Fluid warmers

A

Blood products stored at 34-43F
By immersion in H2O
By IV warming unit

30
Q

Fluid warmers

A

Irrigation warmer
From warmed bottles
Maintained at 89-105F
Hemolysis occurs if above 110F

31
Q

Infrared lights

A

L&D department
Aka radiant heat
Direct exposure to skin

32
Q

Conductive warming

A

Water mattress
Circulates water through the blanket
infection risks

33
Q

Bair hugger

A

Convection warmer
Effective prevention/ treatment
Self supporting cocoon
Contraindicated in aortic cross-clamping

34
Q

Malignant hyperthermia

A

Rare- reaction to anesthetic agents
Inherited genetic predisposition to MH
Symptoms
- rapid temp increase
- tachycardia
- muscle rigidity
- acidosis

35
Q

Malignant hyperthermia- tx

A

MH cart
Drugs dantrolene and ryanodex
Pack groin, axilla, and head with ice
Cold irrigation in body cavities

36
Q

St role in Malignant hyperthermia

A

Follow anesthesia directions
Protect sterile field
Acquire cold irrigation
Retrieve MH cart

Surgical Tech 150 (15 decks)

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