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Surgical Tech 150 > Test 4 Pharmacology > Flashcards

Test 4 Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

What is controlled substance class 1?

A

high abuse potential
- no medical approval
Ex heroin, LSD

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2
Q

What is controlled substance class 2?

A

-High abuse potential
-Ability to produce physical and psychological dependence
-medical approval needed
Ex Oxy, codeine, morphine

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3
Q

What is controlled substance class 3?

A

-Less potential for abuse
- medical approval needed
-Ex hydrocodone, codeine

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4
Q

What is controlled substance class 4?

A

Low potential for abuse
Medical approval needed
Ex benzos (Valium and Ativan)

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5
Q

What is controlled substance class 5?

A

Narcotics to treat couching and diarrhea
No prescription needed
OTC
Ex couch syrup with codeine

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6
Q

What is a nonprescription drug?

A

Drug with safe dose
No prescription needed
Ex ibuprofen 200mg

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7
Q

What is a prescription drug?

A

Need a prescription
Can cause harm if used wrong
Ex ibuprofen 800mg

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8
Q

PLLR (pregnancy and lactation labeling rule) category A

A

Well documented
No risk to fetus
Ex folic acid, magnesium sulfate

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9
Q

PLLR class B

A

No fetal risk to animal trials
Ex cyclobenzaprine, amoxicillin

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10
Q

PLLR class C

A

Evidence of fetal risk in animals
Benefits outweigh risks
Ex Tramadol, gabapentin, prednisone

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11
Q

PLLR class D

A

Risk in humans trials
Benefit may outweigh risk
Ex lisinopril, alprazolam, losartan, lorazepam

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12
Q

PLLR class X

A

Fetal abnormalities
Risks outweigh benefits
Ex atorvastatin, warfarin

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13
Q

PLLR class N

A

Drug not classified by FDA

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14
Q

What sources do drugs come from?

A

Animals
Biotechnology
Laboratory synthesis
Minerals
Plants

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15
Q

What are examples of drugs in gas form?

A

Inhalants
Nasal spray
Anesthesia gases

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16
Q

What are emulsion liquids?

A

2 liquids cannot mix
Ex propofol

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17
Q

What are solution liquids?

A

A Drug (solute) dissolved in water(solvent)

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18
Q

What are aqueous drugs?

A

Solution prepped with water (new or salt water)

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19
Q

What are syrup liquid drugs?

A

Sweetened aqueous solution
Ex cough syrup

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20
Q

What are tincture liquid drugs?

A

Solution prepared with alcohol
Ex benzoin

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21
Q

What is an elixir liquid drug?

A

Sweetened alcohol solution
Ex mucinex

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22
Q

What is a suspension liquid drug?

A

Solid particles within a liquid
Needs to be shaken
Ex milk of magnesia

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23
Q

What are semisolid drugs?

A

Creams, foams, gels, lotions, ointments, suppositories

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24
Q

What are solid drug forms?

A

Powder like capsule or tablets

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25
Q

Additive

A

Alters the aspects of the action of the original agent
Ex adding epinephrine to lidocaine

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26
Q

Drug agonist

A

Binds to the receptor site, causes a response

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27
Q

Drug antagonist

A

Binds to receptor site to prevent other meds from binding
Can reverse effects
Ex narcan to opioids

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28
Q

Drug synergist

A

Drugs act together to produce stronger affect then if each were alone (lower dosage given of each when together)

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29
Q

Therapeutic drug actions

A

Concentration/ dose used to produce desired result without producing harmful effects

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30
Q

What are indications

A

List of medical conditions that the medication is known to treat

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31
Q

What are contraindications

A

List of circumstances/ conditions medications should not be used
Ex pregnancy, liver failure, renal failure

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32
Q

What are adverse drug effects

A

Undesired and potentially harmful effect that can lead to organ damage or failure
Ex allergic reaction or rash
(Harmful)

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33
Q

What are side effects

A

Expected, undesired, but tolerable
Ex dry mouth, constipation, diarrhea, dizziness
(Not harmful)

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34
Q

Enteral

A

Through GI tract
By mouth or rectal

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35
Q

Parental

A

Injected not by mouth

36
Q

Intra-articular

A

By artery

37
Q

Intracardiac

A

By heart (right atrium)

38
Q

Intradermal

A

By skin

39
Q

Intramuscular (IM)

A

By muscle

40
Q

Intrathecal

A

By spine

41
Q

Intravenous (IV)

A

By vein

42
Q

Retrobulbar

A

Behind the eye

43
Q

Sub cuticular (SC or SQ)

A

Deeper in the skin

44
Q

Topical route

A

Applied to skin or mucous membrane

45
Q

Buccal route

A

By mouth

46
Q

Inhalation route

A

By lungs

47
Q

Intraocular route

A

By eye

48
Q

Instillation route

A

Eye, ear, nose

49
Q

Sublingual route

A

Under the tongue

50
Q

What are the 6 rights?

A

Right drug
Right dose
Right route
Right patient
Right time
Right documentation

51
Q

Normal body temperature

A

98.6 F = 37C

52
Q

Dosage formula

A

(Desired amount over have amount) times available
Ex (50mg/100mg)x 1ml= 0.5ml

53
Q

Analgesic

A

Symptom- pain
Effects- pain relief

54
Q

Opioids/narcotic

A

Symptoms- moderate to severe pain
Effects
-tx postoperative pain
-respiratory depression

55
Q

Narcotic antagonist

A

Narcan
Symptoms- respiratory depression
Effects- reverses effects of narcotics

56
Q

Analgesic antipyretic

A

Symptoms
- pain and fever
Effects
- pain relief, fever reduction

57
Q

Anticoagulants

A

Symptoms
-Having vascular surgery
-Prone to DVT
Effects
-increase blood coagulation time
- prevent clot formation

58
Q

Fibrinolytics

A

Symptoms
- has a blood clot
Effects
-breaks up blood clot

59
Q

Anticonvulsant

A

Symptoms
- seizures
Effects
- tx of tonic/clonic seizures

60
Q

Antiemetic

A

Symptoms
- having surgery
- experiencing nausea/vomiting
Effects
- prevent post op nausea
- prevent aspiration

61
Q

Antihistamine

A

Symptoms
- allergic reaction
Effects
- counteracts hypersensitivity reaction

62
Q

Anti-infective

A

Symptoms
- having surgery
- prophylactic therapy
Effects
- prophylactic measure
- treat infection
- treat sepsis

63
Q

Adrenerics

A

Symptoms
- local surgery
- tx malignant hypotension
Effects
- added to prolong effect
- causes vasoconstriction

64
Q

Cholinergics

A

Symptoms
- myasthenia gravis
- autoimmune disorder
- prevent bradycardia
- receiving muscle relaxers
Effects
- reverse effects of muscle relaxants

65
Q

Anti-cholinergics

A

Symptoms
- experiencing bradycardia
- experiencing bronchospasm
- experiencing motion sickness
- having surgery
Effects
- bronchodilator, decreases bronchial secretions, decreases GI secretion

66
Q

Cardiac anti arrhythmia

A

Symptoms
- abnormal rhythm
Effects
- tx ventricular tachycardia
- tx ventricular fibrillation

67
Q

Cardiac coronary dilator

A

Symptoms
- experiencing myocardial ischemia, angina pectoral, hypertension, heart failure
- cardiac bypass
Effects
- dilates coronary arteries

68
Q

Cardiac inotropic

A

Symptoms
- experiencing atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, heart failure
Effects
- increase strength and speed of myocardial contraction

69
Q

Analeptic

A

CNS
Symptoms
- having surgery
- respiratory depression
Effects
- cns stimulation
- increase reflex excitability
- stimulate respiratory and vasomotor receptors

70
Q

Neuroleptic

A

CNS
Symptoms
- experiencing psychiatric disorders
Effects
- tx and manage symptoms of psychiatric disorders

71
Q

Coagulants, hemolytic, and sealants

A

Symptoms
- bleeding
Effects
- stops bleeding

72
Q

Contrast medium

A

Symptoms
- outline internal structures
Effects
- structure is outlined
* remove bubbles from solution*

73
Q

Diuretic

A

Symptoms
- increased intercranial pressure
- increased introcular pressure
Effects
- removes fluids
- increase urine output

74
Q

Dyes

A

Symptoms
- hard to find structures
- need to mark surgical site
Effects
- tissue absorbs the dye

75
Q

Gastric H2- receptor blockers

A

Symptoms
- having surgery
Effects
- alters ph of gastric secretions
- reduce gastric volume
- promotes pyloric emptying

76
Q

Gastric proton-pump inhibitor

A

Symptoms
- acidic stomach
Effects
- reduces stomach acid

77
Q

Corticosteroids

A

Inhibit inflammatory process
Decrease edema
Maintain adrenal hormone levels
Tx shock

78
Q

Insulin

A

Management of blood glucose

79
Q

Glucagon

A

Tx hypoglycemia
Dilates sphincter of Oddi for ERCP

80
Q

Prostaglandin

A

Lipid with hormone like actions when tissue damage

81
Q

Estrogen cream

A

Tx of inflamed vagina

82
Q

Irrigation solutions

A

Symptoms
- contaminated surface
Effects
- irrigation of contaminated

83
Q

Iv fluids

A

Symptoms
- hypovolemia
Effects
- tx hypovolemia

84
Q

Sedative hypnotic

A

Symptoms
- preop anxiety
Effects
- tx preop anxiety
- intraoperative sedation

85
Q

Staining

A

Symptoms
- has dysplasia
Effects
- healthy tissue picks up stain

86
Q

Tranquilizer

A

Symptoms
- preop anxiety
Effects
- decrease anxiety
- provides sedation and amnesia

Surgical Tech 150 (15 decks)

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