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Microbiology IPAP 3-17 > Test 5 Tissue Nematodes > Flashcards

Test 5 Tissue Nematodes Flashcards

1
Q

What is the common name of Trichinella Spiralis?

A

Trichina Worm

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2
Q

What is the infective stage of Trichinella Spiralis (Trichina Worm)?

A

Ingestion of undercooked meat

Pig, wild game

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3
Q

What is the Diagnostic Stage of Trichinella Spiralis (Trichina Worm)?

A

Encysted larva in striated muscle

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4
Q

Where are the adult forms of Trichinella Spiralis (Trichina Worm) found?

A

Small Intestine

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5
Q

Pathogenesis of adult Trichinella Spiralis (Trichina Worm) in the intestine will cause what symptoms?

A

Mild to Severe Diarrhea

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6
Q

Pathogenesis of Trichinella Spiralis (Trichina Worm) Larval Migration will cause what?

A
  • High Eosinophilia
    • Allergic and Toxic reactions
    • May be fatal
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7
Q

The Larval encystment of Trichinella Spiralis (Trichina Worm) is seen where?

A

Primarily in striated muscle

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8
Q

Larval encystment of Trichinella Spiralis may cause what symptoms?

A
  • Rheumatoid Pain
  • Toxic Reaction
  • May be fatal
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9
Q

How many larvae per gram of body weight may be fatal and occurs in what time frame, from a Trichinella Spiralis (Trichina Worm) infection?

A

5 larvae per gram

-Fatalities often occur within 4-8 weeks

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10
Q

What is the typical cause of fatalities when infected with Trichina Worm (Trichinella Spiralis)?

A
  • Toxemia
  • Pneumonitis
  • Myocardial Failure
  • Trichinous Encephalitis
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11
Q

What parasitic infection pathology consist of local villous atrophy w/Mucosal and submucosal infiltration w/neutrophils, eosinophils, and macrophages, and edema and basophilic degeneration present in skeletal muscle?

A

Trichinella Spiralis

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12
Q

The infective third stage larvae of Trichinella Spiralis (Trichina Worm) will encyst where?

A 
Striated Muscle
(Non-striated muscle and other tissue do not support development to third stage larvae)
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13
Q

Third Stage Larvae of Trichinella Spiralis (Trichina Worm) will cause local inflammation and tissue damage with what serious pathologic consequences?

A

Myocarditis
Encephalitis
Meningitis
(Fatal in high infection burden from myocarditis, encephalitis, pneumonia)
(Muscle pain and weakness in chronic cases)

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14
Q

During the Enteral Phase of Trichinella Spiralis (Trichina Worm) infection what symptoms are seen?

A

Watery Diarrhea
Vomiting
Abdominal Discomfort
Nausea

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15
Q

During the Systemic Phase in which there is larvae dissemination of Trichina Worm (Trichinella Spiralis) infection, what symptoms are seen?

A 
Facial and Periorbital Edema
Fever
Weakness
Malaise
Myalgia
Urticarial Rash
Conjunctivitis
Conjunctival and Subungual hemorrhages
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16
Q

What should be considered in patients presenting w/myositis, eosinophilia, fever, elevated creatine phosphokinase and lactate dehydrogenase?

A

Trichinosis

keep sample of meat frozen

17
Q

What is the specimen of choice for Lab Id of Trichinella Spiralis (Trichina Worm) and what other tests may be performed?

A

Specimen: Muscle Biopsy
Other Tests:
-Skin Test: Backman
-Blood: ESR, eosinophil count

18
Q

How is the Larvae of Trichina Worm (Trichinella Spiralis) Id’ed in the Lab?

A

Shape: Coiled
Color: Colorless
In Striated Muscle: Surrounded by Longitudinal Capsule

19
Q

How is the adult form of Trichina Worm (Trichinella Spiralis) Identified in the Lab?

A

Size: Female bigger than male
Shape: Slender, Tapers to larger posterior end
Color: Colorless
Male: Two Caudal appendages

20
Q

How can Trichinella Spiralis infection be prevented? What will not kill Trichinella Spiralis?

A
  • Compliance w/food safety reg, rodent control, proper cooking
  • Drying, Smoking, Salting will not kill Trichinella Spiralis
21
Q

What is the Geographical Distribution of Trichinella Spiralis (Trichina Worm)?

A

Worldwide

More prevalent in pork eating countries (U.S., Europe)

22
Q

What is the common name for Dracunculus Medinensis?

A

Guinea Worm

23
Q

In the Pathogenesis of the Guinea Worm (Dracunculus Medinensis) severe allergenic reactions are seen when and what usually occurs on lower extremities?

A

Female Migration: Causing–>
Toxemia as female reaches surface of body
-GI upset
-Blisters on lower extremities

24
Q

The blisters caused by Dracunculus Medinensis (Guinea Worm) have what kind of symptoms? How are these symptoms relieved?

A

Severe burning and itching (pruritus)

Relieved when blister ruptures

25
Q

What is the infective stage of Dracunculus Medinensis (Guinea Worm)?

A

L3 Larvae in Copepod (L1 ingested by copepod in water and larvae molts twice)

26
Q

How are humans infected with Dracunculus Medinensis (Guinea Worm)?

A

Drinking unfiltered water containing copepods w/L3 Larvae

Microbiology IPAP 3-17 (16 decks)

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