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Microbiology IPAP 3-17 > Test 4: Virus and Fungus > Flashcards

Test 4: Virus and Fungus Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the symptoms of the Measles virus (Rubeola; red measles)?

A
  • High Fever
  • Cough
  • Rhinitis
  • Red Eyes
  • Macropapular rash (3-5 days after onset of symptoms)
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2
Q

The symptoms for Measles occur how long after exposure and last for how long?

A

10-12 days after exposure

7-10 day length

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3
Q

What is the contagious period for Measles?

A

4 days prior to 4 days after start of symptoms or rash

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4
Q

What are some secondary complication seen in about 30% of Measles cases?

A

Diarrhea
Blindness
Inflammation of Brain
Pneumonia

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5
Q

How is Measles diagnosed?

A

Immunodiagnosis

Clinical signs and symptoms

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6
Q

Mumps virus (parotitis)- infection of the parotid glands has what symptoms?

A 
Fever
Muscle pain
Headache
Fatigue
usually followed by swelling of parotid glands
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7
Q

The symptoms for Mumps occur in what time frame after exposure and resolve after how many days?

A

16-18 after exposure

Resolve in 4-10 days

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8
Q

What is the contagious period for Mumps?

A

Few days prior to 4 days after symptoms

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9
Q

What complications are associated with Mumps virus?

A

Meningitis
Pancreatitis
Permanent Deafness
Testicular/Ovarian swelling

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10
Q

Symptoms for Mumps virus are more severe in what population?

A

Adults more than children

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11
Q

How is Mumps diagnosed?

A

Immunodiagnosis

Clinical signs and symptoms

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12
Q

What are the symptoms of the Rubella virus (German Measles or 3-day measles)?

A 
Mild Fever
Rash (Face then body)
Sore Throat
Fatigue
Swollen lymph nodes
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13
Q

The symptoms for Rubella virus occur how long after exposure and resolve in what time frame?

A

14 days after exposure

Resolve 2-3 days

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14
Q

What is the period of time in which a person is contagious when infected with Rubella?

A

7 days prior to start of symptoms to the end of rash

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15
Q

What complication are seen in Rubella infections?

A

Bleeding Problems
Inflammation of nerves
Congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) during early preg.

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16
Q

Diagnosis of Rubella can be made how?

A

Immunodiagnosis

Clinical Signs and symptoms

17
Q

Human Herpes virus-6 and -7 cause what?

A
  • Roseola (Exanthum Subitum; Sixth Disease): Fever and Rash

- Neuroinflamtory disease: multiple sclerosis, encephalitis, pneumonitis

18
Q

How does the Human Herpes virus-6 and -7 gain entry into the nervous system?

A

Via Olfactory tissues

19
Q

What may serve as a reservoir of the Human Herpes virus-6 and -7?

A

Salivary glands

20
Q

Parvovirus B19 is a very small non-enveloped DNA virus that causes what?

A

Fifth Disease or Erythema infectiosum
Chronic anemia in AIDS patients
Arthritis lasing 1-3 weeks up to several months Miscarriage due to severe fetal anemia

21
Q

What is Fifth Disease or Erythema infectiosum?

A
  • Childhood Rash disease (Slapped Cheek Syndrome), most common in 6-10 year olds
  • Symptoms: 6 days (4-14days) after exposure last a week
  • Named due to: 5th most common cause of pink-eye
22
Q

How is Parvovirus B19 Transmitted?

A

Infected respiratory droplets

23
Q

Parvovirus B19 only infects humans and outbreaks occur where and how often?

A

Nurseries and Schools

Every 3-4 years

24
Q

Molluscum Contagiosum Virus (MCV), is a DNA poxvirus MCV-1 to -4, MCV-1 and MCV-2 are most prevalent in what age groups?

A

MCV-1: 1-11 year olds

MCV-2: Adults

25
Q

What does MCV cause?

A

Mucous membrane lesions or “Water warts” on the skin

  • Most common: Trunk, arms, groin, legs
  • Transmitted by touching affected skin
26
Q

What is the etiologic agent of Smallpox?

A

Variola major (orthopox family) DNA virus

27
Q

What is the synchronous progression of the smallpox rash?

A

Rash-macules-> Vesicles-> Pustules-> Scabs

28
Q

The rash for smallpox begins where and progresses where?

A

Face, hands, forearms, and spreads to lower extremities in 7-16 days

29
Q

Where are lesions seen when infected with smallpox?

A

Palms of hands
Soles of feet
In the mouth

30
Q

What is the mortality rate for smallpox?

A

30%

31
Q

When collecting a specimen sample what is the process for smallpox vesicles or pustules?

A

Scrape the base of vesicle or pustule & make a touch prep on microscope slide

32
Q

When collecting a specimen sample what is the process for smallpox scab lesions?

A

Remove as many scabs as possible and place in screw-capped plastic tube

33
Q

What are the diagnostic test to rule out varicella-zoster virus?

A

DFA/IFA and PCR

34
Q

What diagnostic test is Variola-specific?

A

PCR

35
Q

What yeast is normal flora of the mouth, throat, large intestine, vagina, and skin?

A

Candida Albicans

Microbiology IPAP 3-17 (16 decks)

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