test 5

Question 1

MAXILLARY FIRST PREMOLARS

1. erupt between _______ years of age. mesial or distal to the primary max canines.
2. most maxillary first molars are _________ having two roots branches in the _________ third. A _____ root and a ________ root
3. a distinct mesial ______ is present on the root trunk. Extends from the ________ to the _________
4. the _______ for a two rooted tooth usually shows ____ pulp horns; and ____ pulp canals
5. from the buccal view, the ________ is the widest ________ of all premolars
6. this tooth is the only tooth in the permanent dentition that has a buccal cusp with the _______ longer than the ________
7. the shorter ________ is sharp but not as sharp as the buccal cusp and is offset toward the ______
8. the _________ is more occlusally located on the ________ than the _________
9. extending MD across the occlusal table is the ______ that divides the tooth evenly _________-
10. the _________ triangular fossa, which surrounds the ___________, is deeper than the shallower ___________, which surrounds the __________, the deepest parts of these fossae are the ________

Answer 1

1. erupt between 10 and 11 years of age. DISTAL to the max canines
2. most maxillary first molars are BIFURCATED having two roots branches in the APICAL third. A BUCCAL root and a LINGUAL/PALATAL root
3. a distinct mesial ROOT CONCAVITY is present on the root trunk. Extends from the CONTACT AREA to the BIFURCATION
4. the PULP CAVITY for a two rooted tooth usually shows 2 pulp horns, ONE FOR EACH TIP; and 2 pulp canals, ONE FOR EACH ROOT
5. from the buccal view, the CROWN is the widest MESIODISTALLY of all premolars
6. this tooth is the only tooth in the permanent dentition that has a buccal cusp with the MESIAL CUSP SLOPE longer than the DISTAL ONE
7. the shorter LINGUAL CUSP TIP is sharp but not as sharp as the buccal cusp and is offset toward the MESIAL
8. the CEJ CURVATURE is more occlusally located on the MESIAL SURFACE than the DISTAL
9. extending MD across the occlusal table is the CENTRAL GROOVE that divides the tooth evenly BUCCOLINGUALLY
10. the MESIAL triangular fossa, which surrounds the MESIOBUCCAL TRIANGULAR GROOVE, is deeper than the shallower DISTAL TRIANGULAR FOSSA, which surrounds the DISTOBUCCAL TRIANGULAR GROOVE, the deepest parts of these fossae are the MESIAL AND DISTAL PITS RESPECTIVELY

Question 2

MAXILLARY SECOND PREMOLARS

1. erupt between ________ years of age. mesial or distal to the first premolars
2. a max second premolar resembles a first premolars except that its ___________ is less angular and more rounded
3. has a ________ root
4. pulp cavity has ________ and _________
5. the buccal cusp is ____________ compared to the buccal cusp on the first
6. all lingual features are similar to the first premolars except the _______ is larger. Almost the same height as the _______ and slightly displaced to the ________
7. the mesial surface is similar to the first premolar except the _________ is closer to being the same size, and there is no ____________ present on the crown and root surface. Instead this area is _______
8. both the ________ and ___________ are more cervically located than on the first premolar
9. the ___________ is shorter on a max second premolar and ends in a ____________ which are closer together and thus more toward the _______ of the occlusal table
10. has numerous _________ radiating from the central groove, giving a more ______ appearance

Answer 2

1. erupt between 10-12 years of age. DISTAL TO FIRST PREMOLARS
2. a max second premolar resembles a first premolars except that its CROWN is less angular and more ROUNDED
3. has a SINGLE root
4. pulp cavity has 2 PULP HORNS and 1 PULP CANAL
5. the buccal cusp is NEITHER AS LONG OR AS SHARP compared to the buccal cusp on the first
6. all lingual features are similar to the first premolars except the LINGUAL CUSP is larger. Almost the same height as the BUCCAL CUSP and slightly displaced to the MESIAL
7. the mesial surface is similar to the first premolar except the CUSPS are closer to being the same size, and there is no MESIAL ROOT CONCAVITY present on the crown and root surface. Instead this area is MORE ROUNDED
8. both the CONTACT AREAS and MESIAL MARGINAL RIDGE are more CERVICALLY located than on the first premolar
9. the CENTRAL GROOVE is shorter on a max second premolar and ends in a MESIAL AND DISTAL PITS which are closer together and thus more toward the MIDDLE of the occlusal table
10. has numerous SUPPLEMENTAL GROOVES radiating from the central groove, giving a more WRINKLED appearance

Question 3

MANDIBULAR FIRST PREMOLARS

1. erupt between ______
2. resembles a _______ in more ways than a _____
3. has a _________ that is long and sharp it is the only __________
4. the ________ is small and nonfunctioning. it is similar in appearance to the ________
5. the outline of the ________ from the buccal is ________
6. the ____________ of the buccal cusp is shorter than the ________
7. because the lingual cusp is small, most of the _______ can be seen from the __________
8. from the proximal view, the ___________ is nearly parallel to the angulation of the __________ at a more _______ level
9. the CEJ curvature is more ___________ on the mesial
10. the crown outline is _________ shaped from the occlusal, with a small notch in the ________

Answer 3

1. erupt between 10-12 YEARS OF AGE
2. resembles a MANDIBULAR CANINE in more ways than a SECOND PREMOLAR
3. has a BUCCAL CUSP that is long and sharp it is the only FUNCTIONAL CUSP DURING OCCLUSION
4. the LINGUAL CUSP is small and nonfunctioning. it is similar in appearance to the CINGULUM ON MAX CANINES
5. the outline of the CROWN from the buccal is NEARLY SYMMETRICAL
6. the MESIAL CUSP SLOPE of the buccal cusp is shorter than the DISTAL CUSP SLOPE
7. because the lingual cusp is small, most of the OCCLUSAL SURFACE can be seen from the LINGUAL
8. from the proximal view, the MESIAL MARGINAL RIDGE is nearly parallel to the angulation of the TRANSVERVE RIDGE at a more CERVICAL level
9. the CEJ curvature is more OCCLUSAL on the mesial
10. the crown outline is DIAMOND shaped from the occlusal, with a small notch in the MESIOLINGUAL GROOVE

Question 4

MANDIBULAR SECOND PREMOLARS

1. erupt between _______
2. unlike mandibular first premolars, the more common _______ has ____ cusps, one large _______ composed of ________ and two smaller ________ composed of ______
3. similar to mand first premolars, the less common ______ has a _________ and a __________
4. the pulp cavity of the 3 cusp type has ___________
5. the lingual cusp or cusps (depending on the type), are ______, causing less of the ________ to be seen from the lingual
6. from the proximal, the __________ is almost at a right angle to the long axis of the tooth, and there is no ________ present
7. on the three cusp type, the cusps are separated by ________, a _______, and a ___________
8. the central groove on a two cusp type is most often __________ shaped, forming a ____ pattern on the __________. Less often, the central groove may be straight, forming a _________ on the same surface
9. on the 3 cusp type, a deep _________ is located at the junction of ___________, toward the lingual
10. the central groove of the two cusp type has terminal ends centered in the ______________, which are circular depressions having __________ radiating from them, none of the two cusp type have a __________ or _________

Answer 4

1. erupt between 11 and 12
2. unlike mandibular first premolars, the more common THREE CUSP TYPE has 3 cusps, one large BUCCAL CUSP composed of 3 BUCCAL LOBES and two smaller LINGUAL CUSPS composed of 2 LINGUAL LOBES
3. similar to mand first premolars, the less common 2 CUSP TYPE has a LARGER BUCCAL CUSP and a SINGLE SMALLER LINGUAL CUSP
4. the pulp cavity of the 3 cusp type has 3 PULP HORNS AND 1 PULP CANAL
5. the lingual cusp or cusps (depending on the type), are LONGER THAN THE FIRST PREMOLAR, causing less of the OCCLUSAL TABLE to be seen from the lingual
6. from the proximal, the MESIAL MARGINAL RIDGE is almost at a right angle to the long axis of the tooth, and there is no MESIOLINGUAL GROOVE present
7. on the three cusp type, the cusps are separated by 2 DEVELOPMENTAL GROOVES, a V-SHAPED CENTRAL GROOVE, and a LINGUAL GROOVE
8. the central groove on a two cusp type is most often CRESENT shaped, forming a U-PATTERN on the OCCLUSAL SURFACE. Less often, the central groove may be straight, forming a H-SHAPED PATTERN on the same surface
9. on the 3 cusp type, a deep CENTRAL PIT is located at the junction of CENTRAL GROOVE AND LINGUAL GROOVE, toward the lingual
10. the central groove of the two cusp type has terminal ends centered in the MESIAL AND DISTAL FOSSA, which are circular depressions having SUPPLEMENTAL GROOVES radiating from them. None of the two cusp type have a LINGUAL GROOVE or CENTRAL PIT

Question 5

MAXILLARY FIRST MOLARS

1. erupt between ________
2. first teeth to erupt in the __________-
3. has the largest ________ in the __________
4. the three roots are ___________ than the second molars, they are also more _________ than the _______
5. the ________ root is the longest and largest, it inclines _________, it extends _________, and curves toward the ________
6. the pulp cavity has ___________
7. from the buccal view, the crown is divided _______ by the __________
8. a __________ extends between the two __________, runs apically halfway to the ______ and is ________ and ends in a _________
9. the contact is initially with _____________, later it contacts the ____________
10. from the lingual view, since it is the largest cusp on the occlusal surface, the _______ outline is __________, but the cusp is not as sharp as the ___________. commonly arising from the ___________ is a fifth nonfunctioning cusp, ______________
11. what are the 3 triangular grooves present

Answer 5

1. erupt between 6-7
2. first teeth to erupt in the MAXILLARY ARCH
3. has the largest CROWN in the MAXILLARY ARCH
4. the three roots are LARGER AND MORE DIVERGENT than the second molars, they are also more COMPLEX than the MAX PREMOLARS
5. the PALATAL/LINGUAL root is the longest and largest, it inclines LINGUALLY, it extends BEYOND THE CROWN, and curves toward the BUCCAL
6. the pulp cavity has 4 PULP HORNS AND THREE PULP CANALS
7. from the buccal view, the crown is divided SYMMETRICALLY by the BUCCAL GROOVE
8. a DEVELOPMENTAL GROOVE extends between the two BUCCAL CUSPS, runs apically halfway to the CEJ and is PARALLEL WITH THE LONG AXIS OF THE TOOTH and ends in a BUCCAL PIT
9. the MESIAL contact is initially with PRIMARY MAX SECOND MOLAR, later it contacts the PERMANENT SECOND PREMOLAR
10. from the lingual view, since it is the largest cusp on the occlusal surface, the MESIOLINGUAL CUSP outline is LONGER AND LARGER, but the cusp is not as sharp as the DISTOLINGUAL. commonly arising from the MESIOLINGUAL CUSP is a fifth nonfunctioning cusp, THE CUSP OF CARABELLI
11. MB, ML, DL

Question 6

MANDIBULAR FIRST MOLARS

1. erupts between ________
2. first _________ to erupt in the ______
3. usually has ___ cusps, _______ and ________
4. how many roots does it have? describe them
5. presence of _________, an elongated ________, noted on many surfaces of the root branches, esp on the mesial surface of the mesial root, ________ is observed on the distal root
6. the _______ of a mand first molar is more likely to have ______: distal, MB and ML
7. mesiobuccal groove extends ________ to a point _______, but slightly mesial to the center, usually ends in a _________
8. ________ has a MD oriented roundness in the cervical third of the buccal surface is apparent; it is usually more ________ in the _________ part
9. ________ is the smallest cusp and has a sharp tip
10. the ______ shaped groove pattern is formed on the _____ around the cusps by the __________, _________ and _______. It has __ fossa: _________________ with associated _________

Answer 6

1. erupts between 6-7
2. first PERMANENT TEETH to erupt in the ORAL CAVITY
3. usually has 5 cusps, 3 BUCCAL and 2 LINGUAL
4. THE TWO ROOTS, MESIAL AND DISTAL, ARE MORE DIVERGENT AND LARGER COMPARED TO MAND SECOND MOLARS, THEY ARE WIDELY SEPARATED BUCCALLY
5. presence of FLUTING, an elongated DEVELOPMENTAL DEPRESSION, noted on many surfaces of the root branches, esp on the mesial surface of the mesial root, NONE is observed on the distal root
6. the PULP CAVITY of a mand first molar is more likely to have 3 PULP CANALS: distal, MB and ML (HAS 5 PULP HORNS)
7. mesiobuccal groove extends CERVICALLY to a point MIDWAY OCCLUSOCERVICALLY, but slightly mesial to the center, usually ends in a BUCCAL PIT
8. BUCCAL CERVICAL RIDGE has a MD oriented roundness in the cervical third of the buccal surface is apparent; it is usually more PROMINENT in the MESIAL part
9. DISTAL CUSP is the smallest cusp and has a sharp tip
10. the Y-SHAPED shaped groove pattern is formed on the OCCLUSAL TABLE around the cusps by the MESIOBUCCAL GROOVE, DISTOBUCCAL GROOVE and LINGUAL GROOVE. It has 3 fossa: CENTRAL FOSSA, MESIAL TRIANGULAR AND DISTAL TRIANGUALR FOSSA with associated PITS

Question 7

MAXILLARY SECOND MOLARS

1. erupt between ______
2. usually has ____ cusps, but it can have _____
3. the 3 roots are __________ and placed more ________
4. describe the pulp cavity
5. the more common _________ shape is similar to the ______ but with an even more _________
6. the ______ shape is less common and similar to a maxillary _______
7. the _______ is less prominent on a second compared to the first
8. increased number of ___________
9. with the heart shape, the __________ is small, the other 3 cusps overshadow it
10. no ______ is present until the max third molar possibly erupts

Answer 7

1. erupt between 12-13
2. usually has FOUR cusps, but it can have THREE
3. the 3 roots are SMALLER, LESS DIVERGENT, and placed more PARALLEL
4. 4 PULP HORNS AND 3 PULP CANALS
5. the more common RHOMBOID shape is similar to the MAX FIRST MOLAR but with an even more ACCENTUATED OUTLINE
6. the HEART shape is less common and similar to a maxillary THIRD MOLAR
7. the OBLIQUE RIDGE is less prominent on a second compared to the first
8. increased number of SUPPLEMENTAL GROOVES
9. with the heart shape, the DISTOLINGUAL CUSP is small, the other 3 cusps overshadow it
10. no DISTAL CONTACT AREA is present until the max third molar possibly erupts

Question 8

MANDIBULAR SECOND MOLARS

1. erupt ___________
2. crown measurement are _______ than a first, the _____ cusps are generally _______ compared to the 5 cusps of differing sizes in the first mand molar
3. describe the roots compared to a first

4 describe the pulp cavity

5. from the buccal view, the ______ divides the mesiobuccal and distobuccal cusps into ______
6. there is no _______ unlike the first mand molar, all present cusps are __________
7. _________ shaped groove pattern. the central groove is crossed by the _______ and ____________
8. how many pits are there
9. cusps slopes are __________ than a mand first molar because of the increased number of ___________
10. unlike the mand first molar, the second molar has __________. describe how they are formed

Answer 8

1. erupt 11-12
2. crown measurement are SMALLER than a first, the FOUR cusps are generally EQUAL IN SIZE compared to the 5 cusps of differing sizes in the first mand molar
3. TWO ROOTS THAT ARE SMALLER AND LESS DIVERGENT
4. 4 PULP HORNS, 3 PULP CANALS
5. from the buccal view, the BUCCAL GROOVE divides the mesiobuccal and distobuccal cusps into EQUAL SIZES
6. there is no DISTAL CUSP unlike the first mand molar, all present cusps are EQUAL IN SIZE
7. CROSS shaped groove pattern. the central groove is crossed by the BUCCAL GROOVE and LINGUAL GROOVE
8. THREE OCCLUSAL PITS: CENTRAL, M, D
9. cusps slopes are LESS SMOOTH than a mand first molar because of the increased number of SUPPLEMENTAL GROOVES
10. unlike the mand first molar, the second molar has TWO TRANSVERSE RIDGES FORMED FROM THE MESIOBUCCAL AND MESIOLINGUAL TRIANGULAR RIDGES AND THE DISTOBUCCAL AND DISTOLINGUAL TRIANGULAR RIDGES

Question 9

what are the borders of the triangular fossa on the premolars

Answer 9

mesial: mesial marginal ridge, transverse ridge, mesial slopes of both cusps

distal: distal marginal ridge, transverse ridge, distal slopes of both cusps

Question 10

which teeth have proximal root concavities

Answer 10

max first pre: mesial