Oral cavity lecture

Question 1

what is the purpose of knowing head and neck anatomy? 6

Answer 1

distinguish normal from abnormal

examination procedures (diagnosis)

documentation purposes

radiology procedures

administration of local anesthesia

knowing dental infections

Question 2

t/f variation from normal should be documented

Answer 2

true, use visualization and palpation

Question 3

why to know head and neck anatomy (anatomical considerations) for radiology purposes

Answer 3

treatment planning

consistency

film placement: need to know surface anatomy for placement guides at ala tragus and facial midlines during panoramic imaging

Question 4

what is wong bakers faces pain rating scale

Answer 4

0 - no hurt
2 - hurts a little
4 - hurts little more
6 - hurts even more
8 - hurts whole lot
10 - hurts worse

Question 5

what are the functions of the oral cavity 7

Answer 5

portal entry to body

aides in digestion and speaking

imaging

provides diagnostics

early warning system

mucosa acts as a barrier

self esteem

Question 6

what is the Surgeon General’s Report on oral health about

Answer 6

“many systemic diseases and conditions have oral manifestations.”

told healthcare workers and the public ^

Question 7

teeth grinding can cause:

Answer 7

the enamel to wears down, dentin shows through

Question 8

what does lack of hard tissue/enamel (superficial covering) tell us

Answer 8

signs and symptoms of disease

lifestyle behaviors: smoking/drugs/teeth grinding

nutritional status

Question 9

when do we see erosion of teeth?

Answer 9

often seen in patients with EDs like bulimia (chronic vomiting/exposure to stomach acids)

Question 10

what is anatomical nomenclature

Answer 10

based on the body being in anatomical position; body is erect, arms at the sides, palms and toes facing forward, eyes looking forward

Question 11

define anterior
posterior
superior
inferior
apex

Answer 11

A- toward the belly (on humans)

P- toward the back (on humans)

S- toward the head

I- toward the feet

apex: the tip of a conical structure

Question 12

how do we label the tongue surfaces

Answer 12

like an animal
top of the tongue is the dorsal side
bottom of the tongue is the ventral side
sides of the tongue is lateral surface
tip of the tongue is the apex

Question 13

which plane is always perpendicular to the midsagittal plane

Answer 13

transverse/axial plane

Question 14

medial
lateral
proximal
distal

Answer 14

closest to midline

farther from midline

close to the point of origin

further from the point of origin

Question 15

ipsilateral
contralateral
superficial
deep
internal
external

Answer 15

same side of the body

opposite sides of the body

closer to the surface

inward in the body

inside of a hollow structure

outside of a hollow structure

Question 16

the number of bones in the head and neck is usually ____ but specific details can ____

Answer 16

constant; vary

Question 17

what needs to be noted; variations in individuals or changes

Answer 17

changes, variations are normal

Question 18

what are the regions of the head (surface anatomy) 12

Answer 18

frontal > forehead

parietal > top lateral portion of head

occipital > posterior

temporal > near temples

auricular > ear

orbital > eyes

nasal > nose

infraorbital > under the eyes

zygomatic > cheek bone

buccal > cheek

oral > mouth

mental > chin

Question 19

surface anatomy - what does the frontal region consist of? 3

Answer 19

supraorbital ridge > pain scale visible

glabella > pain scale visible

frontal prominence (skin) > broader in males
don’t get confused with frontal eminence; bony structure in the same area

Question 20

describe the surface anatomy of the parietal and occipital region

Answer 20

both covered by the scalp and defined by the deeper skull bones

important to palpate during extraoral exams because lesions may be covered by hair

Question 21

describe the surface anatomy of the auricular region
7

Answer 21

auricle: oval flap of the ear, collects sound waves

external acoustic meatus: tube through which sound waves are transmitted

helix: superior and posterior free margin of auricle

lobule: fleshy protuberance of earlobe, inferior part

tragus: anterior to external acoustic meatus

antitragus: flap of tissue opposite of the tragus

intertragic notch: between tragus and antitragus