test 1; skeletal system Flashcards
process
- general term for any prominence on a bony surface
bony prominences (11)
- process
- condyle
- head
- tuberosity
- arch
- cornu
- tubercle
- crest
- spine
- arch
- line
condyle
oval prominence usually involved with joints
head
rounded structure projecting from a bony surface by a neck
tuberosity
attachment sites for muscles or tendons
arch
prominence shaped like a bridge with a bowlike outline
cornu
small hornlike prominence on a bony surface
tubercle, crest, line, spines
- primarily serve as muscle and ligament attachments
- tubercle/eminence: small rounded elevation on a bony surface
- crest: prominent, often rough border or ridge on a bony surface
- line: small straight ridge
- spine: abrupt small prominence that may be a blunt or sharply pointed projection
bony depressions 5
notch
sulcus
fossa
fovea
plate
notch
sulcus
fossa
fovea
plate
notch: indentation at the edge of a bone
sulcus: shallow depression or groove that usually marks the course of blood vessels or nerves
fossa: generally deeper depression/concavity on a bony surface; can be parts of joints, attachment sites for muscles
fovea: small pit/depression in bone or other structure
plate: flat structure of a bone
bony openings
- bones that have an opening/foramen/canal
foramen
fissure
ostium
aperture
canal
meatus
foramen: short window-like opening
fissure: narrow, cleftlike
ostium: entrance into a hollow organ or canal
aperture: narrow opening
canal: longer, narrow, tubelike opening
meatus: type of canal
define articulation
area of the skeleton where the bones are joined to each other; can be associated with either a movable or immovable joint
joint
tendon
ligament
suture
joint: union of two or more bones
tendon: muscle to bone
ligament: bone to bone (joint)
suture: union of bones joined by fibrous CT; immoveable
the alveolar process is covered by:
the alveolar mucosa on both the maxilla and madible
name the cranial bones and their number
ethmoid bone: single
frontal bone: single
occipital bone: single
parietal: paired
sphenoid: single
temporal: paired
name the facial bones and their number
inferior nasal conchae: paired
lacrimal bones: paired
mandible: single
maxillae: paired
vomer: single
zygomatic: paired
list the sutures, their number, and bony articulations
coronal suture: paired; frontal bone and parietal bones
sagittal suture: single, parietal bones
squamosal sutures: paired; temporal and parietal bones
lambdoidal suture: single; occipital bone and parietal bones
frontonasal suture: single; frontal and nasal bones
intermaxillary suture: single; 2 maxillae
median palatine suture: single; anterior part connect the maxillae, posterior part connects the palatine bones
temporozygomatic sutures: paired; temporal and zygomatic bones
transverse palatine suture: single; maxillae and palatine bones (horizontal suture)
zygomaticomaxillary suture: paired; zygomatic and maxilla
neurocranium vs viscerocranium
neruo: cranial bones (enclose the brain)
viscero: facial bones
how many bones does the skull have
22 not including the 6 auditory ossicles
what are the bones of the ear from lateral to medial
malleus, incus, stapes
which bone of the skull is movable
the mandible at its temporomandibular joint
the skull also has movable articulation with its bony vertebrae
parts of the mandible
- coronoid process: anterior to mandibular condyle
- coronoid notch: deep bony structure to retromolar pad
- mandibular condyle: posterior to coronoid process
- mandibular notch: between coronoid process and condyle
- ramus: flat posterior part of mandible
- symphysis
- alveolar process
- mental protuberance
- angle
- mental foramen
- body
- alveolus
list the specific bony opening of the temporal bone
5
carotid canal
external acoustic meatus
internal acoustic meatus
petrotympanic fissures
stylomastoid foramina
