test 1; skeletal system

Question 1

process

Answer 1

• general term for any prominence on a bony surface

Question 2

bony prominences (11)

Answer 2

• process
• condyle
• head
• tuberosity
• arch
• cornu
• tubercle
• crest
• spine
• arch
• line

Question 3

condyle

Answer 3

oval prominence usually involved with joints

Question 4

head

Answer 4

rounded structure projecting from a bony surface by a neck

Question 5

tuberosity

Answer 5

attachment sites for muscles or tendons

Question 6

arch

Answer 6

prominence shaped like a bridge with a bowlike outline

Question 7

cornu

Answer 7

small hornlike prominence on a bony surface

Question 8

tubercle, crest, line, spines

Answer 8

• primarily serve as muscle and ligament attachments
• tubercle/eminence: small rounded elevation on a bony surface
• crest: prominent, often rough border or ridge on a bony surface
• line: small straight ridge
• spine: abrupt small prominence that may be a blunt or sharply pointed projection

Question 9

bony depressions 5

Answer 9

notch
sulcus
fossa
fovea
plate

Question 10

notch
sulcus
fossa
fovea
plate

Answer 10

notch: indentation at the edge of a bone

sulcus: shallow depression or groove that usually marks the course of blood vessels or nerves

fossa: generally deeper depression/concavity on a bony surface; can be parts of joints, attachment sites for muscles

fovea: small pit/depression in bone or other structure

plate: flat structure of a bone

Question 11

bony openings

Answer 11

• bones that have an opening/foramen/canal

Question 12

foramen
fissure
ostium
aperture
canal
meatus

Answer 12

foramen: short window-like opening

fissure: narrow, cleftlike

ostium: entrance into a hollow organ or canal

aperture: narrow opening

canal: longer, narrow, tubelike opening

meatus: type of canal

Question 13

define articulation

Answer 13

area of the skeleton where the bones are joined to each other; can be associated with either a movable or immovable joint

Question 14

joint
tendon
ligament
suture

Answer 14

joint: union of two or more bones
tendon: muscle to bone
ligament: bone to bone (joint)
suture: union of bones joined by fibrous CT; immoveable

Question 15

the alveolar process is covered by:

Answer 15

the alveolar mucosa on both the maxilla and madible

Question 16

name the cranial bones and their number

Answer 16

ethmoid bone: single
frontal bone: single
occipital bone: single
parietal: paired
sphenoid: single
temporal: paired

Question 17

name the facial bones and their number

Answer 17

inferior nasal conchae: paired
lacrimal bones: paired
mandible: single
maxillae: paired
vomer: single
zygomatic: paired

Question 18

list the sutures, their number, and bony articulations

Answer 18

coronal suture: paired; frontal bone and parietal bones

sagittal suture: single, parietal bones

squamosal sutures: paired; temporal and parietal bones

lambdoidal suture: single; occipital bone and parietal bones

frontonasal suture: single; frontal and nasal bones

intermaxillary suture: single; 2 maxillae

median palatine suture: single; anterior part connect the maxillae, posterior part connects the palatine bones

temporozygomatic sutures: paired; temporal and zygomatic bones

transverse palatine suture: single; maxillae and palatine bones (horizontal suture)

zygomaticomaxillary suture: paired; zygomatic and maxilla

Question 19

neurocranium vs viscerocranium

Answer 19

neruo: cranial bones (enclose the brain)

viscero: facial bones

Question 20

how many bones does the skull have

Answer 20

22 not including the 6 auditory ossicles

Question 21

what are the bones of the ear from lateral to medial

Answer 21

malleus, incus, stapes

Question 22

which bone of the skull is movable

Answer 22

the mandible at its temporomandibular joint

the skull also has movable articulation with its bony vertebrae

Question 23

parts of the mandible

Answer 23

• coronoid process: anterior to mandibular condyle
• coronoid notch: deep bony structure to retromolar pad
• mandibular condyle: posterior to coronoid process
• mandibular notch: between coronoid process and condyle
• ramus: flat posterior part of mandible
• symphysis
• alveolar process
• mental protuberance
• angle
• mental foramen
• body
• alveolus

Question 24

list the specific bony opening of the temporal bone
5

Answer 24

carotid canal

external acoustic meatus

internal acoustic meatus

petrotympanic fissures

stylomastoid foramina