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Anatomy > Test 4d > Flashcards

Test 4d Flashcards

1
Q

3 components of lymphatic system

A

Lymph nodes, lymph vessels, other lymphoid organs and tissues

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2
Q

Transport back blood fluids that have exited the vascular system and are interstitial fluids

A

Lymphatic vessels

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3
Q

Contain phagocytic cells and lymphocytes that play vital roles int he body’s defense and resistance to disease

A

Lymphoid tissues

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4
Q

Up to how many liters a day is returned into the vascular system via lymph vessels?

A

3

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5
Q

Fluid that accumulates in the tissues

A

Edema

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6
Q

What happens when edema is excessive?

A

Impairs ability of tissue cells to exchange gases, nutrients, wastes with blood

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7
Q

Clear water

A

Lymph

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8
Q

Another name for lymph vessels

A

Lymphatics

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9
Q

Lymphatic vessels form a one-way system that moves lymph towards what?

A

Heart

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10
Q

Small lymph vessels that weave between the blood capillaries and loose connective tissues

A

Lymphatic capillaries

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11
Q

What forms the flap-like one-way mini-valves of the lymph vessels

A

Loosely overlapping walls

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12
Q

What happens when lymph vessel valves open with increased pressure form interstitial fluid?

A

Fluid travels into the lymph vessels

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13
Q

What happens when pressure is higher inside lymph vessel?

A

Not able to return back to the interstitial fluid

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14
Q

What types of things can enter lymph vessels but not capillaries?

A

Bacteria, viruses, and cell debris

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15
Q

What is the final destination for bacteria, viruses, and cell debris in the lymph vessels?

A

Trapped in lymph nodes as lymph fluid is filtered

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16
Q

How many ducts serve to return lymph into the venous system?

A

2

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17
Q

Drains the right upper extremity and right side of head and trunk

A

Right lymphatic duct

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18
Q

Drains lymph that the right lymphatic duct does not

A

Thoracic duct

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19
Q

What do both ducts empty into?

A

Subclavian vein on respective side

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20
Q

How is lymph returned to circulation?

A

Skeletal muscle contractions that assist in fluid flow and thoracic pressure changes during breathing

21
Q

What do larger lymph vessels contain in order to help with flow?

A

Smooth muscles that contract

22
Q

Aside from removing foreign material from lymph fluid, what other role does lymph nodes play?

A

Produce lymphocytes

23
Q

3 places where lymph nodes are found?

A

Inguinal (groin), axillary (armpit), cervical regions

24
Q

2 things that lymph nodes contain

A

Macrophages, lymphocytes

25
Q

Engulf foreign substances in lymph nodes

A

Macrophages

26
Q

WBCs that respond to foreign substances

A

Lymphocytes

27
Q

What do swollen lymph nodes indicate?

A

Active infection, result of trapped bacteria

28
Q

Surrounds each lymph node

A

Fibrous capsule

29
Q

Extend inward and divide each lymph node into compartments

A

Trabeculae

30
Q

Outer part of node compartment

A

Cortex

31
Q

Inside each lymph node compartment, containing collections of lymphocytes

A

Follicles

32
Q

Central portion of entire lymph node that contains phagocytic macrophages

A

Medulla

33
Q

Fluid enters the convex side of lymph node through these vessles

A

Afferent lymphatic vessels

34
Q

After fluid enter nodes, what does it contain to flow through?

A

Sinuses

35
Q

Indented region of node where fluid exits

A

Hilum

36
Q

Through what does fluid exit hilum?

A

Efferent lymphatic vessels

37
Q

How many nodes does fluid travel through to make sure its cleansed

A

Several

38
Q

Blood rich organ that filters blood

A

Spleen

39
Q

What does the spleen do to old RBCs

A

Destroys them and returns them to liver

40
Q

What does the spleen store

A

Platelets

41
Q

What is produced and found in spleen to assist with immune system?

A

Lymphocytes

42
Q

Organ that establishes immunity during youth

A

Thymus

43
Q

Hormone produced by thymus that program lymphocytes to carry out its roles

A

Thymosin

44
Q

What disease is associated with corrupt thymus function

A

Myasthenia gravis (autoimmune)

45
Q

Small masses of lymphoid tissue in the pharynx

A

Tonsils

46
Q

Tonsil-like structures in the wall of small intestine

A

Peyer’s patches

47
Q

What do the macrophages present in peyer’s patches do?

A

Destroy bacteria and prevent them from penetrating intestine wall

48
Q

General term for tissue that protects the upper respiratory and digestive tracts from never ending attacks of foreign matter enter those cavities

A

Mucosa Associated Lymphatic Tissue (MALT)

Anatomy (11 decks)

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