Test 4d Flashcards
3 components of lymphatic system
Lymph nodes, lymph vessels, other lymphoid organs and tissues
Transport back blood fluids that have exited the vascular system and are interstitial fluids
Lymphatic vessels
Contain phagocytic cells and lymphocytes that play vital roles int he body’s defense and resistance to disease
Lymphoid tissues
Up to how many liters a day is returned into the vascular system via lymph vessels?
3
Fluid that accumulates in the tissues
Edema
What happens when edema is excessive?
Impairs ability of tissue cells to exchange gases, nutrients, wastes with blood
Clear water
Lymph
Another name for lymph vessels
Lymphatics
Lymphatic vessels form a one-way system that moves lymph towards what?
Heart
Small lymph vessels that weave between the blood capillaries and loose connective tissues
Lymphatic capillaries
What forms the flap-like one-way mini-valves of the lymph vessels
Loosely overlapping walls
What happens when lymph vessel valves open with increased pressure form interstitial fluid?
Fluid travels into the lymph vessels
What happens when pressure is higher inside lymph vessel?
Not able to return back to the interstitial fluid
What types of things can enter lymph vessels but not capillaries?
Bacteria, viruses, and cell debris
What is the final destination for bacteria, viruses, and cell debris in the lymph vessels?
Trapped in lymph nodes as lymph fluid is filtered
How many ducts serve to return lymph into the venous system?
2
Drains the right upper extremity and right side of head and trunk
Right lymphatic duct
Drains lymph that the right lymphatic duct does not
Thoracic duct
What do both ducts empty into?
Subclavian vein on respective side
How is lymph returned to circulation?
Skeletal muscle contractions that assist in fluid flow and thoracic pressure changes during breathing
What do larger lymph vessels contain in order to help with flow?
Smooth muscles that contract
Aside from removing foreign material from lymph fluid, what other role does lymph nodes play?
Produce lymphocytes
3 places where lymph nodes are found?
Inguinal (groin), axillary (armpit), cervical regions
2 things that lymph nodes contain
Macrophages, lymphocytes
Engulf foreign substances in lymph nodes
Macrophages
WBCs that respond to foreign substances
Lymphocytes
What do swollen lymph nodes indicate?
Active infection, result of trapped bacteria
Surrounds each lymph node
Fibrous capsule
Extend inward and divide each lymph node into compartments
Trabeculae
Outer part of node compartment
Cortex
Inside each lymph node compartment, containing collections of lymphocytes
Follicles
Central portion of entire lymph node that contains phagocytic macrophages
Medulla
Fluid enters the convex side of lymph node through these vessles
Afferent lymphatic vessels
After fluid enter nodes, what does it contain to flow through?
Sinuses
Indented region of node where fluid exits
Hilum
Through what does fluid exit hilum?
Efferent lymphatic vessels
How many nodes does fluid travel through to make sure its cleansed
Several
Blood rich organ that filters blood
Spleen
What does the spleen do to old RBCs
Destroys them and returns them to liver
What does the spleen store
Platelets
What is produced and found in spleen to assist with immune system?
Lymphocytes
Organ that establishes immunity during youth
Thymus
Hormone produced by thymus that program lymphocytes to carry out its roles
Thymosin
What disease is associated with corrupt thymus function
Myasthenia gravis (autoimmune)
Small masses of lymphoid tissue in the pharynx
Tonsils
Tonsil-like structures in the wall of small intestine
Peyer’s patches
What do the macrophages present in peyer’s patches do?
Destroy bacteria and prevent them from penetrating intestine wall
General term for tissue that protects the upper respiratory and digestive tracts from never ending attacks of foreign matter enter those cavities
Mucosa Associated Lymphatic Tissue (MALT)
