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Western Civilizations > Test 4 Short Answer > Flashcards

Test 4 Short Answer Flashcards

1
Q

Cold War (US vs. USSR)

A

Period of high tension after WWII focused on capitalism vs communism

Stopped communism gaining power in the West

Mid-late 1900’s

US vs. USSR

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2
Q

Yalta Conference

A

WWII Conference of allied powers

To decide a blueprint for postwar Europe

Mid 1900’s

Yalta/Soviet Union

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3
Q

Marshall Plan

A

American aid to western Europe after WWII

Helped rebuild Western Europe after the war

America

Mid 1900’s

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4
Q

NATO

A

Military (US/Canada and Western Europe) alliance against communism

Mostly for defensive purposes-attack on one is an attack on all

Multi-nation

Mid 1900’s

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5
Q

Warsaw Pact

A

Military alliance of communist countries (USSR and East Germany)

Formed as a counter alliance for NATO

Mid 1900’s

Multi-national

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6
Q

Red scare/Joseph McCarthy

A

Fear of communism in the U.S.

Push across the country to find spies

Mid 1900’s

America

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7
Q

Berlin Wall

A

Wall splitting east and west Germany

Built to “protect” the east from west invasion BUT actually it was preventing the East Germans from going to the West

Mid 1900’s

Germany

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8
Q

Sputnik/Space Race

A

First man-made object ever put into space

Marked the beginning of the space race

Russia

Mid 1900’s

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9
Q

Chinese civil war

A

Civil war of Communists vs Nationalists

Communists win and form people’s republic of China

China

Mid 1900’s

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10
Q

Apartheid/Nelson Mandela

A

Extreme legal racial segregation

Mandela fought against apartheid and became president of South Africa. He was the countries first black head of state.

South Africa

Late 1900’s

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11
Q

Ho Chi Minh and Viet Minh

A

Leader of the communists in north Vietnam and prime minister/president after unification

Vietnam is unified (communist) after the Vietnam war(he led north)

Mid 1900’s

Vietnam

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12
Q

Cuban missile crisis

A

Political and military stand-off between the US and soviets

Soviet Union secretly placed nuclear weapons on Cuba and this is possibly the closest we have come to nuclear war

Cuba

Mid 1900’s

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13
Q

Betty Frieden’s The Feminine Mystique

A

Idea of women getting outside of their traditional roles

Helped advance women’s rights movements

Mid 1900’s

America

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14
Q

Neocolonialism

A

The control of less developed countries through indirect non-political means

Domination by economic and cultural influence

Multi-national

Mid 1900’s

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15
Q

Martin Luther king jr

A

Prominent American activist and civil rights leader

Helped advance civil rights by nonviolent means

Mid 1900’s

America

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16
Q

Lyndon b Johnson

A

American President

Passed legislations that helped further the civil rights movement

Mid 1900’s

America

17
Q

Mikhail Gorbachev

A

Last leader of the Soviet Union

His policies contributed to the end of the Cold War and the fall of the Soviet Union

Soviet Union

Mid 1900’s

18
Q

Americanization

A

The influence American culture has on other countries

America was very influential on a world scale. Spreading things like media, pop culture, and technology

1900’s up until today

America

19
Q

OPEC/1970’s Oil Embargo

A

Organization of oil exporting countries that created an embargo against the West

3rd world countries united together against the West spiking oil prices. This showed us we should not ignore them

Middle East against West

1970’s

20
Q

European Union/euro

A

Goal to promote economic, political, and social harmony of Western Europe

Euro was meant to unite the members under a single currency

Late 1900’s

Multi-national in Western Europe

21
Q

Polish solidarity/lech Walesa

A

First polish independent (non-government run) trade union under the leadership of Lech

Lech becomes the push to end communism in Poland

Late 1900’s

Poland

22
Q

NAFTA

A

North American free trade agreement between Mexico Canada and the United States

Created one of the largest free trade zones and increased the economy

Late 1900’s

North America

23
Q

Internet

A

Global computer network

Connects people across the world like never before

Late 1900’s

Britain

24
Q

Persian Gulf War

A

A war in which Iraq (led by Saddam) invaded Kuwait-main reason being him wanting oil domination

The main reason the US and others got involved was to prevent Saddam controlling too much oil and becoming too powerful

Iraq

Late 1900’s

25
Q

Chernobyl Disaster

A

The explosion of a nuclear reactor in Chernobyl

Showed just how devastating nuclear pollution can be

Soviet Union

Late 1900’s

26
Q

Rwanda Civil War/Hutus and Tutsis

A

Civil war fought in Rwanda Hutus (poor) and Tutsis due to ethnic differences

Led to a brutal genocide of the Tutsi people

Rwanda

Late 1900’s

27
Q

South African Truth and Reconciliation Committee / Desmond Tutu

A

Government led program developed by Mr. Tutu that sought to help deal with what happened during apartheid

It was a way to free the truth and work to move past it

South Africa

Late 1900’s

28
Q

Tiananmen Square Protest/Martial Law

A

University students protesting for democracy

The govt declares martial law (direct military control) and sends in troops/tanks and fires on their own people

China

Late 1900’s

29
Q

Jawaharlal Nehru/Indian National Congress

A

First prime minister of independent India

Established the Indian National Congress

India

Mid 1900’s

Western Civilizations (8 decks)

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