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Western Civilizations > Test 4 Multiple Choice > Flashcards

Test 4 Multiple Choice Flashcards

1
Q

Big three

A

FDR(America), Churchill(England), Stalin(Soviet Union)

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2
Q

Communist (eastern) bloc

A

Communist states in eastern and central Europe

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3
Q

Berlin airlift

A

Soviet blockade of Berlin

Western allies airlifted supplies to West Berlin

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4
Q

Truman doctrine

A

US doctrine saying they would support all free people’s resistance to communism

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5
Q

Hydrogen bomb

A

Nuclear fusion

1,000x stronger than atomic bomb

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6
Q

MAD (mutually assured destruction)

A

Nuclear compatibility was a deterrent against nuclear war

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7
Q

Containment “domino theory”

A

If one country fell under communist control so would it’s neighboring countries

Containment=American policy to counter communist expansion

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8
Q

House un-American activities committee (HUAC)

A

Weed out potential communists in America

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9
Q

First world “free world”

A

Free world (from communism) US, Western Europe, Japan

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10
Q

Second world

A

Communist

USSR and communist bloc

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11
Q

Third world

A

Former colonies

Everybody else

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12
Q

Nikita Khrushchev

A

Critical of Stalin->de-stalinization

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13
Q

“Secret speech”

A

Critique of Stalin and Khrushchev’s plan

Khrushchev

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14
Q

Welfare state

A

Concept in which the government plays a key role in the protection and well-being of citizens

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15
Q

China/Mao Zedong

A

Chinese communist leader

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16
Q

Indian independence/creation of Pakistan

A

UK granted independence and split Hindu India and Muslim Pakistan

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17
Q

Ghana/Kwame Nkrumah

A

First independent African leader

Led Ghana to Independence from Britain

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18
Q

Negritude (leopold senghor)

A

Unites Africans culturally and socially

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19
Q

Algerian war

A

France vs. Algeria = Algeria gains independence

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20
Q

Afrikaner Nationalist party

A

Governing party of South Africa

Apartheid, republic, South African culture

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21
Q

Viet Cong

A

Communist guerilla fighters against south Vietnam

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22
Q

Vietnam war

A

Communist north vs. non-communist South

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23
Q

Vietnamization

A

U.S withdrawing troops and placing responsibility on the south Vietnamese government

24
Q

Some Cesaire’s “Discourse on Colonialism”

A

A poet who wrote about the injustice and horrors of colonialism

Self-centered and not trying to help the colonies

25
Q

Simone de Beauvoir

A

Feminist writer who wrote about how gender is a construct

26
Q

Hannah Arendt/Totalitarianism

A

Describes and analyzes Nazism and Stalinism

Prevent people from fighting back and take people’s desire away to do so

27
Q

Cuba/Fidel Castro

A

Prime minister and then president of Cuba

28
Q

Bay of pigs invasion

A

CIA tries to take over Cuba

29
Q

JFK and RFK

A

President and Secretary of State

30
Q

1960’s mass culture

A

Rock and roll, pop art, television, Hollywood, rebelling

31
Q

Rock and roll

A

New themes/lyrics

Portable radios

32
Q

Abstract Impressionism

A

Modern art

33
Q

Pop art

A

Art using images from popular and mass culture

34
Q

National organization for women (NOW)

A

To take action and bring about equality for women

35
Q

Civil rights movement

A

Struggle for social justice for black people to have equal rights

36
Q

NAACP

A

Civil rights organization to advance justice for black people

37
Q

School desegregation (brown vs. board of education)

A

Supreme Court case that ended with segregated schools being unconstitutional

38
Q

Malcolm X/Black Nationalism

A

Leader of black nationalism

Critical of King’s approach->he was more violent

Urged followers to defend themselves against white aggression by “any means necessary”

39
Q

Great society

A

Lyndon b Johnson

Largest social reform plan in modern history

Main goals=ending poverty, reducing crime, abolishing inequality, and improving the environment

40
Q

War on poverty

A

Lyndon Johnson declared war on poverty following a national poverty rate of 19%

Set of initiatives proposed by Johnson (food stamps, work-study, Medicaid, Medicare)

41
Q

Vietnam war protests/Kent state massacre

A

Ohio national guard shot at unarmed college students protesting the war (killed 4)

42
Q

Tet offensive

A

Coordinated series of north Vietnamese attacks on south Vietnam

Eroded American support for the war

43
Q

Prague spring

A

During the Cold War people from Czechoslovakia began campaigning for more freedom and reform against communism

Czech people turning their backs on communism

Called Prague spring because it was a time of hope

44
Q

Brezhnev Doctrine

A

Said the Soviet Union has the right to use military force to maintain the strict rule of the communist party

45
Q

Margaret thatcher

A

British prime minister

Very unpopular

Cut social welfare programs, privatized certain industries

Boost economy conservatively

46
Q

Glasnost and peristroika

A

Openness and economic reform

Gorbachev

47
Q

Fall of Berlin Wall (reunification of Germany)

A

The East German government opened the border up

People started chipping away at the wall in celebration

48
Q

“Velvet” revolutions

A

Non-violent overthrow of communism in Czechoslovakia

49
Q

Collapse of the Soviet Union (generally)

A

Gorbachevs policies weakened the Soviet Union rather than strengthened it

Poverty, unemployment, and civil wars

50
Q

Commonwealth of independent states (CIS)

A

Formed following the dissolution of the Soviet Union

51
Q

Russian “Wild West”

A

Lawless time in Russia

Warlords and instability

No clear rules for capitalist system

52
Q

Dayton accords

A

Peace agreement for Croats and Serbs

Boundaries of Yugoslavia; territory

53
Q

Globalization

A

Businesses and organizations developing international influence

54
Q

Zimbabwe/Robert Mugabe

A

Leader of Zimbabwe since it’s independence

Crimes against humanity
-suffering economically, media freedoms taken away, starvation

55
Q

F.W. De Clerk

A

White South African President that released Mandela and ended apartheid

56
Q

Fall of apartheid/1994 elections (Nelson Mandela)

A

Nelson Mandela became president

Apartheid over

Western Civilizations (8 decks)

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