Test 3 Short Answer

Question 1

Allied powers

Answer 1

One of the two opposing sides on WWI

Britain, France, Russia, sometimes Italy
WINNERS

Early 1900’s

World conflict

Question 2

Central Powers

Answer 2

One of the two opposing sides in WWI

Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottomans, sometimes Italy

Early 1900’s

World conflict

Question 3

Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand

Answer 3

Future king of Austria Hungary

His assassination was a short term cause of WWI

Austria Hungary

Early 1900’s

Question 4

Schlieffen Plan

Answer 4

German plan to invade France first (by going through Belgium)

Ultimately failed and ended hopes of a short war

Germany

Early 1900’s

Question 5

Trench warfare

Answer 5

Land warfare in which troops dig and fight from trenches

Terrible conditions with disease, death, and a lot of stalemates

Most prominently in western front

Early 1900’s

Question 6

The Lusitania

Answer 6

A British ocean liner that was sunk by the german U-boats

One of the reasons leading up to the U.S. entering the war

Early 1900’s

Sunk off the coast of the U.K.

Question 7

T.E. “Lawrence of Arabia”

Answer 7

British lieutenant that became a cultural icon in Arabia

Helps to make alliances with Arabs and helps in their revolts

Early 1900’s

From Britain and fought for Arabia

Question 8

Balfour Declaration

Answer 8

British promise to support independent Jewish homeland

Britain hoped it would get the Jewish on the allied powers side

Britain

Early 1900’s

Question 9

Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

Answer 9

Treaty negotiated with Germany to take Russia out of WWI

Russia had to acknowledge german defeat and give up territory

Russia/Germany

Early 1900’s

Question 10

League of Nations

Answer 10

Organization founded after WWI with the main goal of keeping peace

Relies on the members to enforce decisions and ultimately fails

Early/mid 1900’s

International league

Question 11

Treaty of Versailles

Answer 11

Ended war between Germany and the allied powers

Germany was forced to take blame which made them very angry and in part added to the outbreak of WWII

France

Early 1900’s

Question 12

War Guilt Clause (Article 231)

Answer 12

Cause in treaty of Versailles that Germany is to take blame for the war

Made Germans very angry and added to the outbreak of WWII

In France about German

Early 1900’s

Question 13

Benito Mussolini

Answer 13

Leader of fascist Italy

Overthrows Italian king with the black shirts and leafs Italy through WWII

Early/mid 1900’s

Italy

Question 14

Weimar Germany (Weimar Republic)

Answer 14

Period in Germany between WWI and Nazi Germany

Problems during this set the stage for Hitler’s rise to power

Germany

Early mid 1900’s

Question 15

Third Reich

Answer 15

Period in which Germany was under the dictatorship of hitler

The german totalitarian government throughout WWII. Millions were killed.

Early to mid 1900’s

Germany

Question 16

New Deal

Answer 16

An economic program launched by FDR to end the Great Depression

Provided economic relief and reforms. More government intervention.

US

Early-mid 1900’s

Question 17

Joseph Stalin

Answer 17

Radical scary revolutionary that became the leader of the Soviet Union during WWII

Forced industrialization and agricultural collectivization killed many due to family and he sent many other to camps

Russia

In power-early/mid 1900’s

Question 18

Appeasement

Answer 18

Making concessions in order to avoid war

Based on the thought that if hitler was given his more reasonable requests, he would stop (he didn’t)

Mid 1900’s

France/Britain to Germany

Question 19

Spanish civil war

Answer 19

Military revolt against the republican (communist-like government of Spain

Considered a dress rehearsal for WWII (rebels aided by Germany and Italy.)

Spain

Mid 1900’s

Question 20

Blitzkrieg

Answer 20

“Lightening war” Intense German military tactic using many offensive weapons at once

Intended to bring on a quick victory

Germany

Mid 1900’s

Question 21

Vichy France/ Marshal Petain

Answer 21

France after German defeat led by Marshal Petain

“Free France” even though technically German controlled

France

Mid 1900’s

Question 22

Battle of Britain

Answer 22

The successful defense of Britain against German bombing

Blocked the possibility of German invasion and showed Britain’s strength

England

Mid 1900’s

Question 23

Pearl Harbor Attack

Answer 23

Surprise Japanese aerial attack on the U.S. naval base in Hawaii

Brought the U.S. officially into WWII

America

Mid 1900’s

Question 24

Douglas MacArthur

Answer 24

American general of the Philippine army

Had to pull out of he Philippines but returned to liberate them

Us general in Philippines

Mid 1900’s

Question 25

Operation Barbarossa

Answer 25

German invasion of Soviet Union

German failure-> crucial turning point

German invasion of Soviet Union

Mid 1900’s

Question 26

The holocaust

Answer 26

Genocide of the Jewish people (and others) by Nazi’s

Around 6 million Jewish people were murdered

Germany

Mid 1900’s

Question 27

D-Day invasion

Answer 27

Allied invasion of Normandy

Liberated France and pushed the Germans further back

France

Mid 1900’s

Question 28

Harry Truman/Potsdam Declaration

Answer 28

Truman took over after FDR’s death-> demanded the Japanese surrender

Japanese do not surrender->Atomic bomb dropped on Japan

Japan/America

Mid 1900’s

Question 29

Atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Answer 29

America drops nuclear bombs on Japan to end the war quickly

Catastrophic results with much death.
Showcases America’s strength.

America/Japan

Mid 1900’s