Test 3 Short Answer Flashcards
Allied powers
One of the two opposing sides on WWI
Britain, France, Russia, sometimes Italy
WINNERS
Early 1900’s
World conflict
Central Powers
One of the two opposing sides in WWI
Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottomans, sometimes Italy
Early 1900’s
World conflict
Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Future king of Austria Hungary
His assassination was a short term cause of WWI
Austria Hungary
Early 1900’s
Schlieffen Plan
German plan to invade France first (by going through Belgium)
Ultimately failed and ended hopes of a short war
Germany
Early 1900’s
Trench warfare
Land warfare in which troops dig and fight from trenches
Terrible conditions with disease, death, and a lot of stalemates
Most prominently in western front
Early 1900’s
The Lusitania
A British ocean liner that was sunk by the german U-boats
One of the reasons leading up to the U.S. entering the war
Early 1900’s
Sunk off the coast of the U.K.
T.E. “Lawrence of Arabia”
British lieutenant that became a cultural icon in Arabia
Helps to make alliances with Arabs and helps in their revolts
Early 1900’s
From Britain and fought for Arabia
Balfour Declaration
British promise to support independent Jewish homeland
Britain hoped it would get the Jewish on the allied powers side
Britain
Early 1900’s
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
Treaty negotiated with Germany to take Russia out of WWI
Russia had to acknowledge german defeat and give up territory
Russia/Germany
Early 1900’s
League of Nations
Organization founded after WWI with the main goal of keeping peace
Relies on the members to enforce decisions and ultimately fails
Early/mid 1900’s
International league
Treaty of Versailles
Ended war between Germany and the allied powers
Germany was forced to take blame which made them very angry and in part added to the outbreak of WWII
France
Early 1900’s
War Guilt Clause (Article 231)
Cause in treaty of Versailles that Germany is to take blame for the war
Made Germans very angry and added to the outbreak of WWII
In France about German
Early 1900’s
Benito Mussolini
Leader of fascist Italy
Overthrows Italian king with the black shirts and leafs Italy through WWII
Early/mid 1900’s
Italy
Weimar Germany (Weimar Republic)
Period in Germany between WWI and Nazi Germany
Problems during this set the stage for Hitler’s rise to power
Germany
Early mid 1900’s
Third Reich
Period in which Germany was under the dictatorship of hitler
The german totalitarian government throughout WWII. Millions were killed.
Early to mid 1900’s
Germany
New Deal
An economic program launched by FDR to end the Great Depression
Provided economic relief and reforms. More government intervention.
US
Early-mid 1900’s
Joseph Stalin
Radical scary revolutionary that became the leader of the Soviet Union during WWII
Forced industrialization and agricultural collectivization killed many due to family and he sent many other to camps
Russia
In power-early/mid 1900’s
Appeasement
Making concessions in order to avoid war
Based on the thought that if hitler was given his more reasonable requests, he would stop (he didn’t)
Mid 1900’s
France/Britain to Germany
Spanish civil war
Military revolt against the republican (communist-like government of Spain
Considered a dress rehearsal for WWII (rebels aided by Germany and Italy.)
Spain
Mid 1900’s
Blitzkrieg
“Lightening war” Intense German military tactic using many offensive weapons at once
Intended to bring on a quick victory
Germany
Mid 1900’s
Vichy France/ Marshal Petain
France after German defeat led by Marshal Petain
“Free France” even though technically German controlled
France
Mid 1900’s
Battle of Britain
The successful defense of Britain against German bombing
Blocked the possibility of German invasion and showed Britain’s strength
England
Mid 1900’s
Pearl Harbor Attack
Surprise Japanese aerial attack on the U.S. naval base in Hawaii
Brought the U.S. officially into WWII
America
Mid 1900’s
Douglas MacArthur
American general of the Philippine army
Had to pull out of he Philippines but returned to liberate them
Us general in Philippines
Mid 1900’s
Operation Barbarossa
German invasion of Soviet Union
German failure-> crucial turning point
German invasion of Soviet Union
Mid 1900’s
The holocaust
Genocide of the Jewish people (and others) by Nazi’s
Around 6 million Jewish people were murdered
Germany
Mid 1900’s
D-Day invasion
Allied invasion of Normandy
Liberated France and pushed the Germans further back
France
Mid 1900’s
Harry Truman/Potsdam Declaration
Truman took over after FDR’s death-> demanded the Japanese surrender
Japanese do not surrender->Atomic bomb dropped on Japan
Japan/America
Mid 1900’s
Atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
America drops nuclear bombs on Japan to end the war quickly
Catastrophic results with much death.
Showcases America’s strength.
America/Japan
Mid 1900’s
