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Western Civilizations > Test 3 Multiple Choice > Flashcards

Test 3 Multiple Choice Flashcards

1
Q

German mobilization/arms race

A

British concerned about growing Germany army

Resulted in costly building competition

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2
Q

Balkan powder keg

A

Tense feeling of the people in the Balkan region

Spark that set off the war

Assassination by a Serbian(Balkan) of the heir to the Austria-Hungarian throne (Franz Ferdinand)

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3
Q

Black Hand

A

Secret Serbian military group that played a part in assassinating Franz Ferdinand

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4
Q

No man’s land/“project power forward”

A

Area of land between two enemy trenches

Open land, barbed wire and machine guns

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5
Q

Western front stalemate

A

Defense was stronger than offense

New weaponry, trench warfare

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6
Q

German U-boats

A

German submarine

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7
Q

Irish Easter Sunday revolt

A

Irish nationalist uprising against Britain to declare an Irish Republic (independence!)

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8
Q

Zimmerman telegram

A

German telegram to Mexico intercepted by Britain and shared with the U.S.

Said if U.S. entered the war, Germany would support Mexico

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9
Q

Germany unrestricted submarine warfare

A

Germans would take ANY ship down

Led u.s. into WWI

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10
Q

Russian February revolution of 1917

A

Monarchy overthrown and replaced with a provisional(emergency) government

Triggered by food shortages

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11
Q

Leon Trotsky/Petrograd Soviet

A

Leader of the Soviet/communist Red army

Workers council representing the peasants

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12
Q

Vladimir Lenin

A

Russian communist revolutionary

Organize attack on provisions gov’t and declare soviet rule of Russian state

Head of gov’t of Soviet Russia

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13
Q

Russian October revolution of 1917

A

Pulled Russia out of WWI

Ended in Bolshevik/Soviet led Russia

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14
Q

Soviet Russian Republic

A

Worlds first constitutionally communist state

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15
Q

Armistice Day (11/11/18)

A

Ended fighting between allies and their last opponent (Germany)

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16
Q

Paris Peace Conference

A

Meeting of the allied powers to set peace terms for the defeated central power

Involved diplomats from many different countries

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17
Q

Woodrow Wilson

A

President of United States

One of the big four in the Paris peace conference

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18
Q

Fourteen points

A

Fourteen goals of the United States in the peace negotiations following WWI

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19
Q

German war reparations

A

Germany must pay billions of dollars to the allied nations

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20
Q

Russian civil war (reds vs whites vs greens)

A

Communists vs everyone else (greens=renegade peasants)

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21
Q

Red army

A

Bolsheviks/communists

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22
Q

Agricultural collectivization and heavy industrialization

A

Stalin’s first 5 year plan called for this

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23
Q

Stalin’s first five-year plan

A

Industrialization and urbanization

Any other program was cut

Quantity over quality

Protestor sent to forced labor camps

24
Q

Stalin’s great purges

A

Eliminate all real and potential enemies

No one was safe

25
Q

Black shirts/March on Rome

A

Fascist militia

King is forced to hand over power

26
Q

Il Duce

A

Supreme leader in Italian

27
Q

Friedrich Ebert

A

Leader of the social democrat movement in Germany

28
Q

Beer Hall Putsch

A

Hitlers attempt to take over Bavaria from Munich

Fails->hitler imprisoned->increases fame

29
Q

Nazi germany “monolithic efficiency”

A

One-party state

30
Q

SS/Heinrich Himmler

A

Hitlers terror group (elite army)

Himmler led

Completely loyal to hitler

31
Q

The gestapo

A

Secret german police

32
Q

Hitler youth

A

Modeled on the Boy Scouts and taught Nazi ideology

33
Q

Nazi racism/anti-semitism

A

Hitler placed blame on the Jewish people for Germany’s economic issues

34
Q

Nuremberg Decree

A

All Jews are not citizens

Defined by bloodline

35
Q

Great Depression

A

Credit, risky investments, war debt

Economic global crisis

Began in US

Ends with policy changes-> government helps people

36
Q

US Stock market crash (1929)

A

People buying on credit/banks lending out too much money

People tried to withdraw their money from banks->banks closed

37
Q

Franklin Roosevelt (FDR)

A

Led the US through the Great Depression and WWII

38
Q

Albert Einstein/relativity and quantum physics

A

Physicist that studied space and time

39
Q

WWII Main Causes

A
  • European power balance (rise of Germany and Japan)
  • mass ideologies (anti-semitism, nationalism)
  • harsh german punishment
  • league of nation failure
40
Q

Kellogg-Briand Pact

A

Agreement to outlaw the use of war to resolve conflicts

41
Q

Japanese invasion of Manchuria

A
  • Japanese wanted to expand

- League of nations did nothing

42
Q

Greater Pacific Co-Prosperity Sphere

A

Freedom and independence from western colonial oppression

Promoted the cultural and economic unity of Asian nations

43
Q

Japanese empire

A

Want to expand

44
Q

Japanese invasion of China/rape of Nanjing

A

The rape and murder of thousands of honest civilians by Japanese soldiers

45
Q

German Lebensraum (“Living Space”)

A

Expansion to provide living space for the growing german race

46
Q

Munich conference

A

Hitler trying to obtain Sudetenland (Czechoslovakia) legally

47
Q

Nazi-Soviet non-aggression pact

A

Agreement hitler won’t go after Russia

48
Q

Hitlers invasion of poland

A

Starts WWII

Britain and France declare war on Germany

49
Q

Winter War (Finland)

A

Soviets defeat Finland

50
Q

Winston Churchill

A

British prime minister

Led Britain from brink of defeat

51
Q

Battle of the Atlantic

A

Fight for control of Atlantic sea routes

Submarines and battleships

52
Q

Enigma machine/Ultra/Bletchley Park

A

Used to decipher German code

Intelligence=ultra (codename)

Bletchley Park=home of WWII code breakers

53
Q

North Africa (Erwin Rommel and Africa Korps)

A

German force in Africa during WWII

Respected military commander “desert fox”

54
Q

Philippines (Corregidor and Bataan death march)

A

Death march=forced transfer of American and Filipino prisoners of war

Battle of Corregidor = Japanese victory over Philippines

55
Q

Hitlers “New Order”

A

Political order hitler wanted to impose on his conquered areas

56
Q

Yugoslavia (Tito)

A

Successful anti-Nazi communist resistance group

57
Q

Einsatzgruppen

A

German death squad

Western Civilizations (8 decks)

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