TEST 4-Circulatory System

Question 1

Arteries

Answer 1

carry blood away from heart
don't change blood, only transport
travel in pairs with veins 
more pressure 
small diameter
thicker wall (to keep pressure)
elastic (to keep pressure)

Question 2

Capillaries

Answer 2

exchange materials in the blood
materials leak in and out and blood stays in
small: red blood cells in single file
nutrients leave, exchanged with wastes
oxygen leaves, exchanged with carbon dioxide
blood flow slows down
leaky

Question 3

Veins

Answer 3

blood comes to veins with low pressure
carries blood to the heart 
travel in pairs with arteries 
lower pressure
bigger diameter
thinner walls

Question 4

Semilunar

Answer 4

between ventricle and artery

found in the heart

Question 5

Atrium

Answer 5

collects the blood

Question 6

Ventricle

Answer 6

thick walls made of muscle

pumps the blood

Question 7

2 Chambered Heart

Answer 7

fish
single circulation
body>vein>atrium>ventricle>artery>gills>body

Question 8

3 Chambered Heart

Answer 8

amphibians and most reptiles
don’t need as much oxygen because exothermic
double circulation
body>heart>lungs/gills>heart>body

Question 9

4 Chambered Heart

Answer 9

mammals and birds

need more oxygen because they’re endothermic

Question 10

Path of Blood

Answer 10

vena cavas>right atrium>tricuspid valve>right ventricle [contracts]>pulmonary semilunar valve>pulmonary artery>lungs>pulmonary veins>left atrium>bicuspid valve>left ventricle>aortic semilunar valves>aorta>the body

Question 11

Circulatory System

Answer 11

transport things

closed-blood is contained in vessels

Question 12

Layers of the Heart

Answer 12

epicardium, myocardium, endocardium

Question 13

epi-

Answer 13

outside

Question 14

-cardium

Answer 14

heart

Question 15

myo-

Answer 15

middle

Question 16

endo-

Answer 16

inside

Question 17

Epicardium

Answer 17

tissue outside of the heart

skin-like

Question 18

Myocardium

Answer 18

muscle in the middle

majority of the heart

Question 19

Endocardium

Answer 19

skin-like layer that lines the chambers

Question 20

Systemic Circulations

Answer 20

systemic-all body systems except lungs

coronary, renal, hepatic

Question 21

Coronary

Answer 21

from heart chambers to heart tissue (muscle) and back to the heart chambers

Question 22

Renal

Answer 22

heart>kidneys>heart

kidneys remove waste (what our body makes) from blood

Question 23

Hepatic

Answer 23

heart>liver>heart
liver removes toxins (something foreign) from blood
liver stores glucose and releases when the cells need it

Question 24

Heart Rate

Answer 24

measured in beats per minutes

target-70 bpm

Question 25

Types of Blood Vessels

Answer 25

arteries, veins, capillaries

Question 26

Valves

Answer 26

cuspid and semilunar
veins
keep blood from going backwards

Question 27

Cuspid Valves

Answer 27

between atrium and ventricle, found in the heart

Question 28

Vein Valves

Answer 28

prevent backflow of blood

if broken valves, walls of veins stretch and vericose veins happen

Question 29

Heart Beat

Answer 29

valves snap shut during contraction 
lub-dub\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_lub-dub\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_lub-dub
lub-cuspid valve
dub-semilunar valve 
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_-heart relaxing

Question 30

Heart Murmur

Answer 30

valves aren’t shutting completely

sounds aren’t distinct in heartbeat

Question 31

Blood Pressure

Answer 31

pressure of blood in the arteries 
target>110/70
110>max pressure in the arteries
70>min pressure in the arteries
140/90>pre high blood pressure
180/100>high blood pressure

Question 32

Causes of High Blood Pressure

Answer 32

something blocking flow of blood in arteries