Test 4--Chapter 33 Collecting and Testing Specimens Flashcards

1
Q

Specimens (samples) are collected and tested to ______, ______, and _____disease

A

Specimens (samples) are collected and tested to prevent, detect, and treat disease

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2
Q

All specimens sent to the laboratory require __________ _________.

A

All specimens sent to the laboratory require requisition slips

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3
Q

Urine samples must not be contaminated with _______.

A

Urine samples must not be contaminated with feces

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4
Q

Why is a random urine specimen collected?

A

For routine analysis

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5
Q

What are the materials needed for collecting a midstream sample?

A
  • A sterile wipe–The perineal area is cleaned before collecting the specimen.
  • Sterile gloves are needed.
  • A sterile specimen container is needed.
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6
Q

What are the procedures for collecting a midstream sample?

A
  • The person starts to void into a receptacle.
  • Then the person stops the stream of urine.
  • A sterile specimen container is positioned.
  • The person voids into the container until the specimen is obtained.
  • You may need to position and hold the specimen container in place after the person starts to void.
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7
Q

During the collection of a 24 hour urine specimen, where is the sample kept?

A

Chilled on ice or in the refrigerator

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8
Q

The person should begin the test with an empty bladder.

True or False

A

True

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9
Q

What is normal pH for urine?

A

4.6 to 8.0

acidic to slightly basic

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10
Q

When are urine sample that will be tested for glucose or ketones be collected?

A

•done 30 minutes before each meal and at bedtime (4 times each day).

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11
Q

Glycosuria

A

glucose in the urine

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12
Q

hematuria

A

blood in urine

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13
Q

What is the procedure when using reagent strips?

A
  • Do not touch the test area on the strip.
  • Dip the strip into the urine.
  • Compare the strip with the color chart on the bottle.
  • Follow the manufacturer’s instructions
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14
Q

Where can a stone develop?

A
  • kidney
  • ureter
  • bladder
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15
Q

Stool samples are collected to test for what 4 things?

A
  • Blood
  • Fat
  • Microbes
  • Worms
  • Other abnormal contents
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16
Q

˜The stool specimen must not be contaminated with _____.

A

˜The stool specimen must not be contaminated with urine.

17
Q

What are three common causes of blood in the stool?

A
  • Ulcers,
  • colon cancer, and
  • hemorrhoids
18
Q

What color is stool where there is bleeding in the stomach or upper GI tract?

A

black and tarry

19
Q

If bleeding occurs in small amounts and cannot be seen in stool or urine, what is it called?

20
Q

What are studied in sputum samples?

A
  • blood,
  • microbes, and
  • abnormal cells.
21
Q

˜The person coughs up sputum from the ______ and _______.

A

˜The person coughs up sputum from the bronchi and trachea.

22
Q

hemoptysis

A

sputum containing blood

23
Q

Who gets blood glucose tests?

A

Persons with diabetes

24
Q

What instrument measures blood glucose?

A

glucometer

25
What instrument is used to draw blood for a glucose test?
lancet
26
If the skin is swollen, bruised, cyanotic (bluish color), scarred, or calloused, should you perform a skin puncture for blood glucose testing?
No
27
Should you use the side of the finger or the center, fleshy part of the finger for blood glucose testing?
Side of the finger
28
To promote self esteem, should you allow patients to collect specimens themselves if possible?
Yes
29