Test 3--Chapter 23 Bowel Elimination

Question 1

Definition of bowel elimination

Answer 1

˜the excretion of wastes from the gastrointestinal (GI) system.

Question 2

Factors affecting bowel elimination

Answer 2

• Privacy
• Habits
• Age
• Diet and fluids
• Exercise and activity
• Drugs

Question 3

Peristalsis

Answer 3

the alternating contraction and relaxation of intestinal muscles

Question 4

Stool

Answer 4

excreted feces

Question 5

Defecation

Answer 5

˜the process of excreting feces from the rectum through the anus.

Question 6

Chyme

Answer 6

Partially digested food and fluids

Question 7

What causes black or tarry stools?

Answer 7

Blood in the intestines

Question 8

What causes red-colored stools?

Answer 8

Blood in the colon

Question 9

Constipation

Answer 9

the passage of a hard, dry stool

Question 10

Fecal impaction

Answer 10

the prolonged retention and buildup of feces in the rectum

Question 11

Symptoms of fecal impaction

Answer 11

abdominal discomfort, abdominal distention (swelling), nausea, cramping, and rectal pain; older persons may have poor appetite, confusion, or even a fever.

Question 12

Diarrhea

Answer 12

the frequent passage of liquid stools

Question 13

_______________ is a microbe that causes diarrhea.

Answer 13

Clostridium difficile is a microbe that causes diarrhea.

Question 14

signs of dehydration

Answer 14

• Pale or flushed skin, dry skin, coated tongue
• Urine is dark and scant in amount.
• Thirst, weakness, dizziness, confusion
• Falling blood pressure and increased pulse

Question 15

Fecal incontinence

Answer 15

˜inability to control the passage of feces and gas through the anus.

Question 16

The person with fecal incontinence may need:
•_______ training
•Help with elimination after meals and every _________
•Incontinence products to keep ________ and ______ clean
•Good ____ care

Answer 16

The person with fecal incontinence may need:
•Bowel training
•Help with elimination after meals and every 2 to 3 hours
•Incontinence products to keep garments and linens clean
•Good skin care

Question 17

Flatulence

Answer 17

the excessive formation of gas or air in the stomach and intestines

Question 19

Bowel training is used to

• Gain control of bowel movements.
• Develop a regular pattern of elimination.
• Fecal impaction, constipation, and fecal incontinence are prevented.

Answer 19

Bowel training is used to:

• Gain control of bowel movements.
• Develop a regular pattern of elimination.
• Fecal impaction, constipation, and fecal incontinence are prevented.

Question 20

Enema

Answer 20

introduction of fluid into the rectum and lower colon

Question 21

Why do doctors order enemas?

Answer 21

• To remove feces
• To relieve constipation, fecal impaction, or flatulence
• To clean the bowel of feces before certain surgeries and diagnostic procedures

Question 22

What are the five types of enemas?

Answer 22

• Tap-water enema (obtained from a faucet). Can cause a fluid imbalance.
• Saline enema (a solution of salt and water). Similar to body fluid. May cause fluid imbalance.
• Soapsuds enema (SSE). Can irritate the bowel’s mucous lining.
• Small-volume enema. About 4 oz. of solution.
• ØOil-retention enema

Question 23

Ostomy

Answer 23

surgically created opening for the elimination of body wastes.

Question 25

What is the opening of an ostomy called?

Answer 25

Stoma

Question 26

ileostomy

Answer 26

•a surgically created opening (stomy) between the ileum (small intestine [ileo]) and the abdominal wall. Part of the ileum is brought out onto the abdominal wall, and a stoma is made.

Question 27

˜Ostomy pouches are emptied when ______ are present.

Answer 27

˜Ostomy pouches are emptied when stools are present.