Test 4 Flashcards
Increased [ H+] near working cells causes local _____ of systemic arterioles; and ______ the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen.
A. constriction; decreases
B. constriction; increases
C. dilation; decreases
D. dilation; increases
C. dilation; decreases
ANG II causes ____ calcium entry into vascular circular smooth muscle around the afferent arterioles supplying the glomerulus thus ____ the glomerular filtration rate.
A. decreased; increasing
B. increased; decreasing
C. decreased; decreasing
D. increased; increasing
B. increased; decreasing
Hypoventilation _____ the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the plasma, thus _____ the pH of the plasma, because there is ______ concentration of H+.
A. increases; decreasing; a higher
B. increase; decreasing ; a lower
C. decreases;increasing; a lower
D. decreases;decreasing; a higher
A. increases; decreasing; a higher
Which of the following would be the most likely consequence of taking an ANG II receptor blocker?
A. increased sodium reabsorption reabsorption
B. increased glomerular filtration rate
C. decreased glomerular filtration rate
D. decreased urine output
B. increased glomerular filtration rate
A higher pH number in plasma usually causes the ventilation rate to ______; at the same time, the kidneys will begin to reabsorb more ______ from the filtrate to the blood.
A. increase; bicarbonate
B. decrease; H+
C. decrease; bicarbonate
D. increase H+
B. decrease; H+
SGLT inhibitors block the sodium-glucose co-transporter in the proximal tubule of the. Which of the following would occur before because of the action of these inhibitors?
A. renal excretion of glucose is decreased
B. reabsorption of glucose from the kidney is increased
C. blood glucose levels reduced
D. blood glucose levels are elevated
C. blood glucose levels reduced
Jill lives in St. Louis, which is close to sea level. She decides to spend a month of her summer vacation working in the mountains in Peru. After a week in the mountains, What kinds of changes would you expect to see as Jill adapts to higher altitude?
A. hematocrit will increase
B. levels of 2,3-DPG will decrease
C. respiratory acidosis will develop
D. pulmonary arterioles will dilate
E. all of these will happen
F. none of these will happen
A. hematocrit will increase
Increased plasma osmolarity directly causes:
A. increased ADH from the HT/PPG
B. parasympathetic output from the cardiovascular control center to increase
C. increased contractility of the myocardium
D. arteriolar vasodilation
A. increased ADH from the HT/PPG
Overhydration leads to increased _____ secretion, Which ___ the side of filtration silts in Bowman’s capsule.
A. ANP, reduces
B. ANP; increases
C. ADH; reduces
D. ADH; increases
B. ANP; increases
A drug that disables the Na+/K+ ATPase in the proximal tubule will cause:
A. an increase in the glomerular filtration rate
B. an increase in sodium reabsorption in the proximal tubule
C. a decrease in glucose reabsorption
D. an increase in water reabsorption
C. a decrease in glucose reabsorption
The Hemilich maneuver simulates the _____ diaphragm causing this pressure relationship:______.
A. contracted; Palv > Patm
B. relaxed; Palv > Patm
C. contracted Palv < Patm
D. relaxed ; Palv < Patm
B. relaxed; Palv > Patm
Hyperventilation can lead to _____ Which results in excitable cells that depolarize _____.
A. hyperkalemia; less easily
B. hyperkalemia; more easily
C. hypokalemia; less easily
D. hypokalemia; more easily
C. hypokalemia; less easily
Which of the following would increase the respiratory drive (urge to breathe) ?
A. high plasma pH
B. extreme hypoxia
C. respiratory alkalosis
D. hypocapnia ( low PCO2)
B. extreme hypoxia
Diabetes mellitus can cause glucose to remain in the filtrate past the proximal tubule. This results in:
A. more water to be reabsorbed than normal because the solute concentration gradient is decreased
B. more water to be reabsorbed than normal because the solute concentration gradient is increased
C. less water to be reabsorbed than normal because the solute concentration gradient is decreased
D. less water to be reabsorbed than normal because the solute concentration gradient is increased
C. less water to be reabsorbed than normal because the solute concentration gradient is decreased
An asthmatic suffers an attack of bronchoconstriction which reduces gas exchange. The resulting increase of _____ in the blood can cause respiratory ______. To correct this condition, ventilation must ______.
A. CO2 levels; alkalosis ; decrease
B. O2 levels; acidosis ; increases
C. CO2 levels; acidosis; increase
D. O2 levels; alkalosis; decreases
C. CO2 levels; acidosis; increase
A very slightly decreased flow of renal filtrate past the macula densa releases a paracrine signal that ______ the afferent arteriole, thus ____ the glomerular filtration rate.
A. dilates; decreasing
B. contracts; decreasing
C. constricts; increasing
D. dilates; increasing
D. dilates; increasing
An annoying side effect of ACE inhibitors is :
A. weight gain
B. a cough
C. loss of sense of smell
D. jaundice
B. a cough
