IRAT #8

Question 1

Increased levels of ____ are most likely to cause _____.
A. insulin; glycogenesis
B. glucagon; protein synthesis
C. EPI/NE; lipogenesis
D. insulin; lipolysis
E. cortisol; glycogenesis

Answer 1

A. insulin; glycogenesis

Question 2

Triglycerides are converted to ____ by _____.
A. fatty acids; amylase
B. glucose; disaccharidases
C. glucose; amylase
D. fatty acids; lipase
E. amino acids; peptidases

Answer 2

D. fatty acids; lipase

Question 3

Lysinuric protein intolerance is a rare genetic disorder where certain cationic amino acids are not absorbed from the duodenum or proximal tubule of kidney, and they are thus excerted. Which of the following would likely symptom associated with this disease?
A. constipation
B. excess muscle growth
C. diarrhea

Answer 3

C. diarrhea

Question 4

Fasting leads to secretion of ______ and results in a (n) _____ state.
A. insulin; catabolic
B. cortisol; catabolic
C. cortisol; anabolic
D. insulin; anabolic
E. glucagon; anabolic

Answer 4

B. cortisol; catabolic

Question 5

Which of the following statement is true about glucose transport?
A. glucose enters muscle cells by facilitated diffusion, following its concentration gradient.
B. glucose enters duodenal cells by secondary active transport, moving against its gradient.
C. glucose enter muscles cells by simple diffusion, following concentration
D. A and B are true
E. A and C are true

Answer 5

D. a and b are true

Question 6

Which statement about leptin is accurate?
A. leptin is released in response to stomach stretch and increases appetite
B. leptin is released by adipose cells, and high levels of leptin sitmulate appetite
C. low levels of body fat are associated with low levels of leptin
D. appetite is suppressed when levels of leptin are very, low causing the early onset of puberty
E. leptin is released in response to low blood glucose

Answer 6

C. low levels of body fat are associated with low levels of leptin

Question 7

Increased levels of _____ occur during the intestinal phase of digestion and cause ______.
A. leptin; increased pancreatic juice secretion
B. CCK; contraction of the pyloric sphincter
C. gastrin; increased HCI secretion
D. Glucagon; increased glucose absorption
E. GIP: contraction of gall bladder

Answer 7

B. CCK; contraction of the pyloric sphincter

Question 8

The greatest percentage of water absorption occurs in the _____.
A. stomach
B. rectum
C. colon
D. esophagus
E. duodenum

Answer 8

E. duodenum

Question 9

Glucagon release; stimulated by ____ in blood glucose levels, normally prevents _____
A. a decrease; hyperglycemia
B. an increase; hypoglycemia
C. a decrease; hypoglycemia
D. an increase; hyperglycemia

Answer 9

C. a decrease; hypoglycemia

Question 10

Which statement is correct about this image?
A. the cells marked by letter A secrete bicarbonate and digestive enzymes and the cells marked by letter B secrete bile salts.
B. the cells marked by letter A secrete bicarbonate and digestive enzymes and the cells are marked by letter B secrete insulin or glucagon
C. the cells marked by letter A secrete bile salts and the cells marked by letter B secrete bicarbonate and digestive enzymes
D. the cells marked letter A secrete insulin or glucagon and the cells marked by letter B secrete bicarbonate and digestive enzymes.

Answer 10

B. the cells marked by letter A secrete bicarbonate and digestive enzymes and the cells are marked by letter B secrete insulin or glucagon