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Kines 360 > test 3.3 > Flashcards

test 3.3 Flashcards

1
Q

how do spinal motor nuclei organize?

A

according to function and form the final pathway to active muscles

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2
Q

what is the reticular formation

A

neurons that are scattered among axon bundles that course through the medial portion of the midbrain, pons, and medulla

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3
Q

what does the medial vestibular nuclei mediate

A

head righting reflexes in response to activation of semicircular canals

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4
Q

what does the lateral vestibular nucleus do

A

sends axon to axial and proximal limb muscles

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5
Q

what are the two cortical pathways

A

spinal cord

brainstem

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6
Q

where does the dorsolateral nucleus send info

A

to limb muscles

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7
Q

what does the ventralmedial nucleus innverate

A

axial muscles

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8
Q

is locomotion generated without thinking about it

A

yes

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9
Q

what does the lateral cortical spinal tract consist of

A
  • orginates in premotor, motor, and sensory cortex
  • decussates in medually pyramids
  • projects to spinal cord.
  • Many neurons make direct connections with motor neurons in lateral anterior horn
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10
Q

what does the ventral cortical spinal tract consist of

A
  • orginates in premotor and motor cortex
  • descends ipsilaterally
  • projects bilateral reticular and vestibular nuclei to regulate medial brainstem
  • projects bilaterally in medial spinal cord
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11
Q

what does vestibule-ocular reflex do

A

maintain gaze during head rotation

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12
Q

what does the neck righting reflex allow for

A

stretch reflex in the neck which acts to maintain aligment with trunk

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13
Q

what does the red nucleus only innervate

A

the arms

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14
Q

what do tonic neck reflexes help maintain

A

postual equilibrium: response to stretch of muscle spindles in neck

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15
Q

what are postual equilibrium a response to

A

vestibular stimulation

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16
Q

what is the reticulospinal pathway important for

A

mediating posture in advance of and response to distal movements and in covering of function after stroke

17
Q

what is the lateral vestibulospinal tract for

A

antigravity postual (otolith input)

18
Q

where does the medial vestibular nuceli get info from

A

semicircular canal

19
Q

true or false

Balance reflexes cannot be used to faclilate active movement in therapy for patients with movement disorders

A

false, it can be used

20
Q

what does Decerbrate posture look like and where is the damage located

A

upper and lower limbs are extended

damage to brainstem

21
Q

what does decorticate posture look like and where is the damage located

A

upper limbs flexed and lower limbs extended

damage to cerebral hemisphere

22
Q

what is the function of the rubrospinal pathway

A

in activating limb gurdle muscoluatre in order to move your arm

23
Q

what does vestibulospinal pathway mediate

A

posture in response to vestibular stimuli

24
Q

is the rubrospinal system apart of the medial or lateral pathway

A

lateral pathway

25
Q

what does reticular spinal pathway mediate

A

trunk coordination

26
Q

where does the cortical spinal tract orgainate

A

areas 1,2,3,4,6

27
Q

what does areas 1,2,3 consist of

A

post central cortex

28
Q

what does area 4 consist of

A

primary motor cortex

29
Q

what does area 6 consist of

A

premotor cortex

30
Q

define spasticity

A

a common manifestation of supraspinal lesion in humans

31
Q

what is spasticity caused by

A

a lesion of premotor cortical areas of their outflow (influence btw brainstem and spinal circuirty

32
Q

what is high muscle tone and low muscle tone referred as

A

hypertonus and hypotonus

33
Q

where is hypertonus and hypotonus usually the strongest at

A

in the upper limb flexors and lower limb extensors

34
Q

what is cerebral palsy

A

non-progressive neonatal CNS disorder that affects the motor system. A disorder in regulation of muscle tone

35
Q

what are the three types of cerebral palsy

A

spastic
athetosis
ataxia

Kines 360 (10 decks)

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