final 4.2 Flashcards
What is the the first year of life mainly for
development of postural control
true or false
does development occur in parallel over the whole body?
true
what does Cephalo and Caudal mean
Cephalo=head
Caudal=foot
what does neonate mean
newborn
what does the prone position consist of with neonates
- all weight on head
- flexor posturing
- alot of reflexes
what does the positive suuport reflex consist of with neonates
standing on two legs with someone helping them
whats the prone position for a 1 month baby
- weight moves down to shoulder/upper chest
- shoulders abducted, elbows a little extended
- scapular retraction
what does the pull to sit position consist of for a 1 month baby
- head lags
- trunk remains flexed
- not alot of assistance by baby
at which age can babies produce bilateral symmetirc control, reach to the midline, balanced trunk flexor and extensor control
3-4 months old
at what age can babies shift weight onto one side thigh and forearm to free up arm to reach
5 months old
what does the prone position for a 5 month baby
- alot of weight on hands
- shoulders flex way forward
- head supported vertically
at which age can babies bear walk
7-10 months
at which age can babies kneel
7-10 months
at which age can babies began to stand
12 months
what does stimulus and response of the grasp reflex consist of
stimulus: tactile input to
ulnar side of palm
– Response: involuntary strong
flexion of all digits
what does the intergration for the grasp reflex consist of
Circuit components need to be selectively employed – digits need to be under voluntary control to grasp and release objects
what does stimulus and response of the ATNR consist of
stimulus: Neck rotation (or lateral flexion) – Response: Extension of limbs on nose side, flexion of contralteral limbs.
what does the intergration for the ATRN consist of
Must be able to dissociate neck movement from limb patterns – Must be able to achieve symmetrical bilateral patterns with limbs
what does stimulus and response of the positive support consist of
stimulus: Held vertical
supported, pressure to feet.
– Response: Full extension of
legs
what does the intergration for the positive support reflex consist of
Must be able to weight bear on feet
with variable and flexible amounts of
flexor and extensor muscle activity.
– Circuit helps maintain extensor tone
what does stimulus and response of the crossed extension reflex
stimulus: Hold leg in extension stimulate bottom of foot – Response: Flexion, followed by extension and adduction of contralateral leg
what does the intergration for the crossed extension reflex consist of
Circuit components need to be selectively employed in controlled voluntary gait – Legs and trunk need to work together in a graded and coordinated manner
what does stimulus and response of the primitive stepping consist of
stimulus: Lean child forward in upright – Response: involuntary reciprical “stepping” of legs (can’t bear support)
what does the intergration for the primitive stepping reflex consist of
– Circuit components need to be selectively employed in controlled voluntary gait – Legs and trunk need to work together in a graded and coordinated manner
what are the effects in a patient with peristant ATNR in spastic quadriplegic CP
Can’t develop symmetrical trunk and limb postures.
– Prevents voluntary control over limbs and trunk
– Child turns head, pattern in trunk and limbs takes over
what are the effects of persistant crossed extension in spastic diplegic CP
Can’t develop reciprical locomotor patterns in legs.
– Gets “stuck” in statick pattern
– Once intiates reciprical pattern, leg gets “stuck” in extension
what are the effects of persistant Abnormal Grasp Reflex in spastic hemiplegic CP
Involuntary “fisting” of involved hand. – Difficulty voluntarily extending fingers for grasp – Lack of voluntary thumb opposition due to strong flexor and adductor muscle tone – This severely restricts development of manipulative skills.
what are the effects of persistant abnormal persistance of STNR in athetoid CP
Can’t assume quadriped stance for locomotion.
– Gets “stuck” in static pattern
– Once intiates neck flexion, arms collapse into flexion
true or false
postural reflexes cannot be elicited to fascilitate voluntary movements
false, because they can be
will using handling technique inhibit or exhibit abnormal reflexes
inhibit
