final 4.1 Flashcards
true or false
Premotor cortex are active after movement and play apart in planning movement
false, they are active PRIOR movement and play apart in planning movement
what are premotor neurons specific to
certain types of grasp
what does motor cortices involve
dynamic transformations that might compute segment dynamics from abstract hand-level plan of movement
Abstract task-level movement variables and muscle related variables are represented how?
by motor cortex activites
what does the Cerebrocerebellum involve
loops with motor cortices and probably is involved in the implementation of dynamic transformation
what does PMd involve
- reaching
- grasping
- Bilateral Coordination and Complex Squeezing
reaching
what does PMv involve
- reaching
- grasping
- Bilateral Coordination and Complex Squeezing
grasping
what does SMA involve
- reaching
- grasping
- Bilateral Coordination and Complex Squeezing
Bilateral Coordination and Complex Squeezing
what are the three functional divisions of the cerebellum
vestibulocerebellum, spinocerebellum, cerebrocerebellum
what are the characteristics of Mossy Fibers
appraises CNS of state of the limb, body part, or cortical condition
what are the characteristics of Climbing Fibers
has very strong and specific influence on Purkinje cells
what does Cerebellum modify
ongoing motor output
match the following Cerebrocerebellum, Spinocerebellum, Vestibulocerebellum
- Motor Planning
- Balance and Eye movement
- Motor execution
Cerebrocerebellum- Motor Planning
Vestibulocerebellum-Balance and Eye movement
Spinocerebellum- Motor execution
what does a lesion to the vestibulocerebellum result in
ataxic gait, poor balance, abnormal nystagmus, dysarthia (slow scanning speech)
what does a lesion to spinocerebellum result in if it involves the axial component
severe hypotonia, titubation (trunk tremor), Ataxic gait, dysarthia and involves the axial component
what does a lesion to spinocerebellum result in if it involves the limb component
Ipsilateral tremor, dysmetria, movement “decompostion”, fail heel/shin test
what does a lesion to cerebrocerebellum result in
movement errors, dysdiadochokinesis, initiation delays, decomposition (unable to flex on finger without other)
what does cerebellar disease involve
Ataxia Dysarthria Movement delays Tremors during voluntary movement and not during rest Symptoms are ipsilateral to lesion
what does ataxia involve for cerebellar disease
- wide base stance and unsteady gait
- trunk tremors
- poor balance
- Movement decomposition
true or false
Input/output to/from cortex is not crossed
false, they are crossed
true or false
input/output to/from spinal cord is crossed
false, they are not crossed
what is Huntingtons disease
degeneration of Striatal neurons ( Caudate and Putament)
what are the symptoms for Pakinsons disease
general reduction in movement, bradykinesia, difficulty initiating movements, micrographic, general reduction in movement quantity and amplitude
what are the symptoms for Huntingtons disease
involuntary movements, chorea (abrupt and violent movements of limbs and face)
what is a lesion to the sub thalamus called and what are the symptoms
hemiballismus
symptoms include involuntary violent movements
what does Athetosis result in
slow “writihing” movements of the limbs
list the different types of basal ganglia diseases
Parkinson’s
Huntingtons Chorea
lesion to Subthalamus
Athetosis
how can Parkinsons disease be treated
Administration of L-Dopa and Dopaminergic Drugs or surgery (partial pallidotomy)
what does the output of basal ganglia regulate
movement initiation, movement speed, movement amplitude
true or false
All output for Basal Ganglia is inhibitory
true
