Test 1.2

Question 1

Why is Cl- important

Answer 1

It’s important in the way a cell responds to chemical neurotransmitter

Question 2

Explain passive response

Answer 2

When you change voltage by pumping membrane

Question 3

When at rest what does a negative potential produce?

Answer 3

Hyper-polarizing currents or small depolarizing currents to produce a passive response

Question 4

At rest what does a resting membrane potential produce

Answer 4

Larger depolarizing currents

Question 5

What is the resting potential around

Answer 5

-65 mil volts

Question 6

What do action potential peak at?

Answer 6

+40 mil volts

Question 7

How are neurons designed to produce electrical signal and what does it create

Answer 7

By crating a battery out of every neuron the cell membrane separates the two compartments of the battery and ion pump “charge” the battery

Creates an electrochemical gradient for each ion

Question 8

True or false

Active response only occurs when the voltage gets above threshold

Answer 8

True

Question 9

How do you make a neuron signal

Answer 9

By high concentration of K+ inside the cell and high concentration of Na+ outside the cell

Question 10

What does the cell membrane do

Answer 10

Separates the two compartments of the battery, and ion transporters “charge” the battery

Question 11

True or false

You can have a voltage without a current

Answer 11

False

You need a current

Question 12

What does ion channels allow for

Answer 12

Passive movement of ions across the membrane

Question 13

True or false

Ion transporters are active devices

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Sodium-potassium transporter do

Answer 14

Maintains the concentration of sodium and potassium

Pumps 3 Na+ out and 2 K+ in

Question 15

True or false

Ion channels do not use energy

Answer 15

True

Question 16

What does protein allow for with ion channels

Answer 16

Allows to make channels for ions to flow through

Question 17

True or false

Ions mix with fat

Answer 17

False

Question 18

Can ion channels be specific to allow certain ions to pass through

Answer 18

Yes

Question 19

What does the Nernest Equation tell us

Answer 19

How a battery works

Question 20

What does a concentration gradient of an ion want to do

Answer 20

To equalize their distribution

Question 21

What do we need to compute the potential of a battery

Answer 21

The concentration of each ion in it’s gradient

Question 22

If you have an equal concentration gradient inside the cell and outside the cell then what is the concentration gradient and what is the potential energy

Answer 22

There is none since it’s equal, therefore their can be no potential energy

Question 23

If you use energy what does it go from and become

Answer 23

Goes from potential energy to kinetic energy

Question 24

Of what ion is their a high concentration of inside the cell

Answer 24

K+

Question 25

Resting potential is due to?

Answer 25

Potassium ion

Question 26

Action potential is due to?

Answer 26

Sodium ions

Question 27

What happens if you increase the K+ concentration outside the cell for resting potential

Answer 27

It brings the concentration gradient down therefore getting rid of the membrane voltage

Question 28

What happens if you do not open the channels for ion to flow ?

Answer 28

There will be no voltage or current

Question 29

If you have a concatenation gradient what do you need to change voltage of the membrane?

Answer 29

Need to open the channels

Question 30

What is calcium important for?

Answer 30

For messager molecule

Question 31

What is epsp and what does it do

Answer 31

Excitatory post synaptic potential and brings voltage membrane towards threshold

Question 32

What is ipsp and what does it do

Answer 32

Inhibitory post synaptic potential and brings voltage membrane away from threshold